Cabianca Alessandro, Müller Laurin, Pawlowski Katharina, Dahlin Paul
Agroscope, Research Division, Plant Protection, Phytopathology and Zoology in Fruit and Vegetable Production, 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland.
Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
Plants (Basel). 2021 Feb 4;10(2):292. doi: 10.3390/plants10020292.
Sterols play a key role in various physiological processes of plants. Commonly, stigmasterol, β-sitosterol and campesterol represent the main plant sterols, and cholesterol is often reported as a trace sterol. Changes in plant sterols, especially in β-sitosterol/stigmasterol levels, can be induced by different biotic and abiotic factors. Plant parasitic nematodes, such as the root-knot nematode are devastating pathogens known to circumvent plant defense mechanisms. In this study, we investigated the changes in sterols of agricultural important crops, (brown mustard), (cucumber), (soybean), (tomato) and (corn), 21 days post inoculation (dpi) with . The main changes affected the β-sitosterol/stigmasterol ratio, with an increase of β-sitosterol and a decrease of stigmasterol in , , and . Furthermore, cholesterol levels increased in tomato, cucumber and corn, while cholesterol levels often were below the detection limit in the respective uninfected plants. To better understand the changes in the β-sitosterol/stigmasterol ratio, gene expression analysis was conducted in tomato cv. Moneymaker for the sterol 22C-desaturase gene , responsible for the conversion of β-sitosterol to stigmasterol. Our results showed that the expression of was in line with the sterol profile of tomato after infection. Since sterols play a key role in plant-pathogen interactions, this finding opens novel insights in plant nematode interactions.
甾醇在植物的各种生理过程中起着关键作用。通常，豆甾醇、β-谷甾醇和菜油甾醇是主要的植物甾醇，而胆固醇常被报道为微量甾醇。植物甾醇的变化，尤其是β-谷甾醇/豆甾醇水平的变化，可由不同的生物和非生物因素诱导。植物寄生线虫，如根结线虫，是已知能规避植物防御机制的毁灭性病原体。在本研究中，我们调查了重要农作物（芥菜）、（黄瓜）、（大豆）、（番茄）和（玉米）在接种后21天（dpi）甾醇的变化。主要变化影响了β-谷甾醇/豆甾醇的比例，在、、和中β-谷甾醇增加而豆甾醇减少。此外，番茄、黄瓜和玉米中的胆固醇水平升高，而在各自未感染的植物中胆固醇水平通常低于检测限。为了更好地理解β-谷甾醇/豆甾醇比例的变化，对番茄品种Money maker中负责将β-谷甾醇转化为豆甾醇的甾醇22C-去饱和酶基因进行了基因表达分析。我们的结果表明，的表达与感染后番茄的甾醇谱一致。由于甾醇在植物-病原体相互作用中起关键作用，这一发现为植物线虫相互作用开辟了新的见解。
