Rassweiler J J, Pini G, Liatsikos F, Georgiev M, Roupret M, Breda A, Knoll T, Micali S, Stenzl A, Goezen A S, Yanev K, Rassweiler-Seyfried M-C
Klinik für Urologie und Kinderurologie SLK Kliniken Heilbronn, Akademisches Lehrkrankenhaus der Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Deutschland.
Urologische Klinik, SLK Kliniken Heilbronn, Am Gesundbrunnen 20, 74074, Heilbronn, Deutschland.
Urologe A. 2021 Mar;60(3):306-317. doi: 10.1007/s00120-021-01450-7. Epub 2021 Feb 8.
The coronavirus has challenged all medical systems worldwide. Herein both waves of COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) in spring and autumn 2020 differ principally. Whereas Europe was hit by the first wave more or less unprepared, which was aggravated by the high virulence of COVID-19, the second wave is characterized by a much higher contagiosity of the virus with very high incidences. On the other hand the virus has attenuated, which is reflected by the significantly lower incidence-related mortality rate. However, the overall increasing number of infected patients represents again a great challenge for the medical management of the disease. France and Spain are doing better in comparison to Germany and Italy this time. The absolute number of deaths per week is higher than during the peak of the first wave. However, urologists in these countries have also experienced greater restrictions in their activities in the second shutdown than in Germany, where there is only a reduction of beds to between 75 and 90%. Mostly all levels are operated. Of importance for Germany, however, is the plateau on a high level for several weeks probably due to the reduced efficacy of a light lock-down. This finally resulted in a total lock-down in mid-December 2020. Subsequently in Germany some hospitals are also reaching their limits with similar consequences for the departments of urology facing a 50% reduction of beds and operating only level III and IV indications. Nevertheless, the management of urologic patients during the COVID-19 pandemic is carried out in Europa on a high standard. Therefor the risk of secondary harm to our patients is expected to be rather minimal in the long run.
新冠病毒给全球所有医疗系统都带来了挑战。2020年春秋两季的两波新冠疫情（2019冠状病毒病）主要存在差异。欧洲在第一波疫情来袭时几乎毫无准备，而新冠病毒的高毒力又加剧了疫情，第二波疫情的特点是病毒传染性更强，发病率极高。另一方面，病毒毒性有所减弱，这体现在与发病率相关的死亡率显著降低。然而，感染患者总数的不断增加再次给该疾病的医疗管理带来了巨大挑战。这次法国和西班牙的情况比德国和意大利要好。每周的死亡绝对数高于第一波疫情高峰期。然而，与德国相比，这些国家的泌尿科医生在第二次封锁期间活动受限也更大，德国只是将病床数量减少到75%至90%。大多数级别仍在运行。然而，对德国来说重要的是，可能由于轻度封锁效果减弱，病例数在高水平维持了数周的平稳状态。这最终导致在2020年12月中旬实施全面封锁。随后在德国，一些医院也达到了极限，泌尿科面临病床减少50%，仅处理三级和四级手术指征，情况类似。尽管如此，在欧洲，新冠疫情期间泌尿科患者的管理仍保持着高标准。因此，从长远来看，预计对我们患者造成二次伤害的风险相当小。
