Hammen C, Adrian C, Hiroto D
Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles 90024.
Br J Clin Psychol. 1988 Feb;27(1):37-46. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8260.1988.tb00751.x.
The attributional vulnerability model of depression has rarely been tested in prospective designs, or as an interaction of stressful events and cognitions, or with depression as a specific response outcome. Moreover, the model has rarely been applied to children. All these issues were addressed in this study of prediction of diagnoses during a six-month follow-up for a sample of children that included offspring of women with affective disorders presumed to be at high risk for depression. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses failed to support the attributional hypotheses: depression was best predicted by initial symptoms and by life stress but not by attributions for negative outcomes or the interaction of attributions and life-events. Non-affective diagnoses, on the other hand, were predicted by an interaction of life-events and attributions. The results suggest limitations in the range of application of the attributional model in clinical samples, at least with children and adolescents at risk.
抑郁症的归因易感性模型很少在前瞻性设计中进行测试，也很少作为应激事件与认知的相互作用进行测试，或者以抑郁症作为特定的反应结果进行测试。此外，该模型很少应用于儿童。在这项针对一组儿童的研究中，所有这些问题都得到了解决，该研究对一个样本进行了为期六个月的随访诊断预测，样本包括被认为患抑郁症风险较高的情感障碍女性的后代。分层多元回归分析未能支持归因假设：抑郁症最好由初始症状和生活压力预测，而不是由负面结果的归因或归因与生活事件的相互作用预测。另一方面，非情感性诊断由生活事件和归因的相互作用预测。结果表明，归因模型在临床样本中的应用范围有限，至少对于有风险的儿童和青少年来说是这样。
