Di Profio Federica, Sarchese Vittorio, Palombieri Andrea, Fruci Paola, Massirio Ivano, Martella Vito, Fulvio Marsilio, Di Martino Barbara
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, Teramo, Italy.
Azienda USL di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy.
Transbound Emerg Dis. 2022 Mar;69(2):660-668. doi: 10.1111/tbed.14032. Epub 2021 Mar 9.
Feline chaphamaparvovirus (FeChPV) is a novel parvovirus, first discovered in a multi-facility feline shelter in Canada in 2019, during an outbreak of acute gastro-enteritis (AGE) in cats, and detected at high prevalence (47.0%) in faecal samples. Whether this finding was anecdotal or similar viruses are common components of feline virome is still unclear. Also, the potential impact of this virus on feline health is uncertain. Herewith, a case-control study was performed to investigate whether this novel parvovirus may play a role as enteric pathogen, screening samples collected from cats with and without AGE signs. Furthermore, we extended the research by testing archival paired oropharyngeal and ocular samples collected from cats with or without upper respiratory tract disease (URTD). FeChPV DNA was detected at high prevalence rate (36.8%, 14/38) in clinical cases, representing the most frequently identified enteric virus, followed by feline panleukopenia parvovirus (23.7%, 9/38), feline coronavirus (5.3%, 2/38), feline kobuvirus (5.3%, 2/38) and noroviruses (5.3%, 2/38). The different prevalence rates of FeChPV between the case and control group were statistically significant, suggesting a possible association of the virus with acute gastro-enteric disease. The virus was also detected at low rate in the respiratory samples of cats with (3.3%, 6/183) or without URTD (4.3%, 6/140), although there was no significant association between FeChPV and URTD. The complete VP encoding gene was determined for five viruses and the nearly full-length genome was reconstructed for three viruses, namely 313R/2019/ITA, 284R/2019/ITA and 49E/2019/ITA. In the NS1-based tree, the Italian strains clustered tightly with the two FeChPV prototypes detected in Canada, within a monophyletic cluster related to but clearly distinct from canine chaphamaparvovirus, currently classified in the species Carnivore chaphamaparvovirus 1 (CaChPV-1).
猫查帕马细小病毒（FeChPV）是一种新型细小病毒，于2019年在加拿大一个多机构猫收容所中首次发现，当时正值猫群爆发急性肠胃炎（AGE），且在粪便样本中检测到其高流行率（47.0%）。这一发现是偶然现象还是类似病毒是猫病毒组的常见组成部分，目前仍不清楚。此外，这种病毒对猫健康的潜在影响也不确定。因此，我们开展了一项病例对照研究，以调查这种新型细小病毒是否可能作为肠道病原体发挥作用，对有和没有AGE症状的猫所采集的样本进行筛查。此外，我们通过检测从有或没有上呼吸道疾病（URTD）的猫采集的存档配对口咽和眼部样本，扩展了研究范围。在临床病例中，FeChPV DNA的检测率很高（36.8%，14/38），是最常鉴定出的肠道病毒，其次是猫泛白细胞减少症细小病毒（23.7%，9/38）、猫冠状病毒（5.3%，2/38）、猫杯状病毒（5.3%，2/38）和诺如病毒（5.3%，2/38）。病例组和对照组之间FeChPV的不同流行率具有统计学意义，表明该病毒可能与急性胃肠疾病有关。在有URTD（3.3%，6/183）或没有URTD（4.3%，6/140）的猫的呼吸道样本中也检测到该病毒的低感染率，尽管FeChPV与URTD之间没有显著关联。确定了五种病毒的完整VP编码基因，并重建了三种病毒的近乎全长基因组，即313R/2019/ITA、284R/2019/ITA和49E/2019/ITA。在基于NS1的系统发育树中，意大利毒株与在加拿大检测到的两种FeChPV原型紧密聚类，位于一个与犬查帕马细小病毒相关但明显不同的单系聚类中，犬查帕马细小病毒目前归类于食肉动物查帕马细小病毒1（CaChPV-1）种。
