Czarkowska-Pączek Bożena, Dawidowska Małgorzata, Serafin Lena
Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland (Department of Clinical Nursing).
Medical University of Maria Skłodowska-Curie, Warsaw, Poland (Institute of Medical Science).
Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2021 Aug 5;34(4):505-512. doi: 10.13075/ijomeh.1896.01699. Epub 2021 Jan 19.
Increased life expectancy results in greater challenges posed to healthcare. Concurrently, a shortage of healthcare workforce, including nurses, has been observed. Thus, an urgent need exists to implement improvements in healthcare services based on sufficient evidence. The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of the relative number of nurses/midwives on life expectancy, and the influence of selected economic variables: gross domestic product (GDP), health expenditure as a percentage of GDP, and health expenditure , on this number. The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of the relative number of nurses/midwives on life expectancy, and the influence of select economic variables: GDP, health expenditure as a percentage of GDP, and health expenditure per capita on this number.
A retrospective analysis based on data from 46 countries was performed. Correlations between the relative number of nurses/midwives and life expectancy as well as economic variables were evaluated. To trace the differences between the countries with different relative numbers of nurses/ midwives, the countries were divided into groups as follows - group 1: <5 nurses and midwives/1000 nurses inhabitants, group 2: 5-10 nurses and midwives/1000 inhabitants, and group 3: >10 nurses and midwives/1000 inhabitants.
Correlations were found between the relative number of nurses/midwives and life expectancy (p < 0.001, r = 0.68), and economic variables (p < 0.001, r = 0.82; p < 0.001, r = 0.62, and p < 0.001, r = 0.8, respectively). Life expectancy was higher in group 3 vs. groups 1 and 2 (p < 0.001 and p = 0.036, respectively), and in group 2 vs. group 1 (p = 0.006). Economic variables were higher in group 3 vs. group 1 (p < 0.001 for all) and group 2 (p = 0.016, p = 0.025, p = 0.022, respectively), and in group 2 vs. group 1 (p = 002, p = 0.024, p = 0.002, respectively).
The relative number of nurses/midwives correlates with life expectancy and relies on the country's income and level of healthcare system financing. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2021;34(4):505-12.
预期寿命的增加给医疗保健带来了更大的挑战。与此同时，包括护士在内的医疗保健劳动力短缺的情况也已显现。因此，迫切需要在充分证据的基础上改进医疗服务。本研究的目的是评估护士/助产士相对数量对预期寿命的影响，以及选定的经济变量：国内生产总值（GDP）、卫生支出占GDP的百分比和人均卫生支出，对这一数量的影响。本研究的目的是评估护士/助产士相对数量对预期寿命的影响，以及选定的经济变量：GDP、卫生支出占GDP的百分比和人均卫生支出对这一数量的影响。
基于46个国家的数据进行回顾性分析。评估了护士/助产士相对数量与预期寿命以及经济变量之间的相关性。为了找出护士/助产士相对数量不同的国家之间的差异，将这些国家分为以下几组——第1组：每1000名居民中护士和助产士少于5人；第2组：每1000名居民中有5 - 10名护士和助产士；第3组：每1000名居民中护士和助产士多于10人。
发现护士/助产士相对数量与预期寿命（p < 0.001，r = 0.68）以及经济变量（p < 0.001，r = 0.82；p < 0.001，r = 0.62，p < 0.001，r = 0.8，分别）之间存在相关性。第3组的预期寿命高于第1组和第2组（分别为p < 0.001和p = 0.036），第2组高于第1组（p = 0.006）。第3组的经济变量高于第1组（所有p值均 < 0.001）和第2组（分别为p = 0.016、p = 0.025、p = 0.022），第2组高于第1组（分别为p = 0.02、p = 0.024、p = 0.002）。
护士/助产士的相对数量与预期寿命相关，并且依赖于国家的收入和医疗保健系统的融资水平。《国际职业医学与环境卫生杂志》。2021年；34(4):505 - 512。
