中国助产士同情疲劳与心理韧性的关系：一项横断面研究。
The relationship between compassion fatigue and psychological resilience among Chinese midwives: a cross-sectional study.
作者信息
Li Jingyi, Shu Wan, Miao Qunfang, Wang Yahong, Wang Xiaolei, Yang Lulu, Li Peiqing, Xin Siying
机构信息
School of Nursing, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou City, 311121, China.
School of Clinical Medicine, The Afliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou City, 310015, China.
出版信息
BMC Nurs. 2025 Jul 1;24(1):802. doi: 10.1186/s12912-025-03326-z.
BACKGROUND
Midwives are at high risk of compassion fatigue (CF) due to the demanding nature of their workplaces. They also face greater occupational risks and prolonged mental stress in their daily work. Psychological resilience serves as a protection factor in fostering positive psychological outcomes. However, systematic research on CF and psychological resilience among midwives remains limited. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of CF among midwives in eastern and western China and examine the correlation between psychological resilience and CF. It provides a basis for midwifery managers to develop relevant interventions aimed at enhancing midwifery services and ensuring the stable, healthy development of the midwifery workforce.
METHODS
A convenience sampling method was used to select 479 midwives from 20 public hospitals in 11 provinces of China as the study population between May and October 2021. The survey was conducted using the Chinese version of the Compassion Scale and the Psychological Resilience Scale, and relevant data were collected through an online survey platform. SPSS 23.0 statistical software was used for data analysis.
RESULTS
The total CF score among midwives was 96.62 ± 10.45, with the following dimension scores: compassion satisfaction (35.70 ± 5.74), job burnout (28.47 ± 2.21), and secondary trauma (35.44 ± 4.98). Notably, 64.1% of midwives experienced severe CF. The total psychological resilience score (61.68 ± 15.09) was lower than the average for Chinese nurses, placing it at a middle-to-low level. Moreover, psychological resilience revealed a positive correlation with secondary trauma (r = 0.397, P < 0.01) but a negative correlation with job burnout (r = - 0.190, P < 0.01).
CONCLUSION
CF among midwives in eastern and western China is particularly pronounced. Key influencing factors include region, hospital grade, age, years of midwifery experience, and whether they have experienced delivery trauma events. To mitigate the effects of CF on midwives' work and overall well-being, midwifery managers should increase support systems aimed at strengthening psychological resilience.
背景
由于工作场所要求苛刻，助产士面临着较高的同情疲劳风险。她们在日常工作中还面临更大的职业风险和长期的精神压力。心理韧性是促进积极心理结果的保护因素。然而，关于助产士同情疲劳和心理韧性的系统研究仍然有限。本研究旨在调查中国东部和西部助产士同情疲劳的患病率及其影响因素，并检验心理韧性与同情疲劳之间的相关性。这为助产管理部门制定旨在提高助产服务水平、确保助产队伍稳定健康发展的相关干预措施提供了依据。
方法
采用便利抽样法，于2021年5月至10月从中国11个省份的20家公立医院中选取479名助产士作为研究对象。采用中文版的同情量表和心理韧性量表进行调查，并通过在线调查平台收集相关数据。使用SPSS 23.0统计软件进行数据分析。
结果
助产士的同情疲劳总分为96.62±10.45，各维度得分如下：同情满意度（35.70±5.74）、职业倦怠（28.47±2.21）和继发性创伤（35.44±4.98）。值得注意的是，64.1%的助产士经历了严重的同情疲劳。心理韧性总分（61.68±15.09）低于中国护士的平均水平，处于中低水平。此外，心理韧性与继发性创伤呈正相关（r=0.397，P<0.01），与职业倦怠呈负相关（r=-0.190，P<0.01）。
结论
中国东部和西部助产士的同情疲劳尤为明显。关键影响因素包括地区、医院等级、年龄、助产经验年限以及是否经历过分娩创伤事件。为减轻同情疲劳对助产士工作和整体幸福感的影响，助产管理部门应加强旨在增强心理韧性的支持系统。
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