Specchia Maria Lucia, Cozzolino Maria Rosaria, Carini Elettra, Di Pilla Andrea, Galletti Caterina, Ricciardi Walter, Damiani Gianfranco
Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Via della Pineta Sacchetti, 00168 Rome, Italy.
Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito, 00168 Rome, Italy.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Feb 6;18(4):1552. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18041552.
Healthcare organisations are social systems in which human resources are the most important factor. Leadership plays a key role, affecting outcomes for professionals, patients and work environment. The aim of this research was to identify and analyse the knowledge present to date concerning the correlation between leadership styles and nurses' job satisfaction. A systematic review was carried out on PubMed, CINAHL and Embase using the following inclusion criteria: impact of different leadership styles on nurses' job satisfaction; secondary care; nursing setting; full-text available; English or Italian language. From 11,813 initial titles, 12 studies were selected. Of these, 88% showed a significant correlation between leadership style and nurses' job satisfaction. Transformational style had the highest number of positive correlations followed by authentic, resonant and servant styles. Passive-avoidant and laissez-faire styles, instead, showed a negative correlation with job satisfaction in all cases. Only the transactional style showed both positive and negative correlation. In this challenging environment, leaders need to promote technical and professional competencies, but also act to improve staff satisfaction and morale. It is necessary to identify and fill the gaps in leadership knowledge as a future objective to positively affect health professionals' job satisfaction and therefore healthcare quality indicators.
医疗保健组织是社会系统，其中人力资源是最重要的因素。领导力起着关键作用，影响着专业人员、患者的治疗结果以及工作环境。本研究的目的是识别和分析迄今为止有关领导风格与护士工作满意度之间相关性的知识。使用以下纳入标准在PubMed、CINAHL和Embase上进行了系统综述：不同领导风格对护士工作满意度的影响；二级医疗保健；护理环境；全文可用；英语或意大利语。从11813个初始标题中，筛选出12项研究。其中，88%的研究表明领导风格与护士工作满意度之间存在显著相关性。变革型领导风格的正相关数量最多，其次是真诚型、共鸣型和服务型领导风格。相反，被动回避型和放任型领导风格在所有情况下都与工作满意度呈负相关。只有交易型领导风格显示出正相关和负相关。在这个充满挑战的环境中，领导者需要提升技术和专业能力，同时还要采取行动提高员工满意度和士气。有必要识别并填补领导知识方面的空白，将其作为未来的目标，以积极影响卫生专业人员的工作满意度，进而影响医疗质量指标。
