Liu Tianjun, Yang Deling
College of Engineering and Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
Brain Sci. 2021 Feb 5;11(2):197. doi: 10.3390/brainsci11020197.
Motor imagery (MI) is a classical method of brain-computer interaction (BCI), in which electroencephalogram (EEG) signal features evoked by imaginary body movements are recognized, and relevant information is extracted. Recently, various deep-learning methods are being focused on in finding an easy-to-use EEG representation method that can preserve both temporal information and spatial information. To further utilize the spatial and temporal features of EEG signals, an improved 3D representation of the EEG and a densely connected multi-branch 3D convolutional neural network (dense M3D CNN) for MI classification are introduced in this paper. Specifically, as compared to the original 3D representation, a new padding method is proposed to pad the points without electrodes with the mean of all the EEG signals. Based on this new 3D presentation, a densely connected multi-branch 3D CNN with a novel dense connectivity is proposed for extracting the EEG signal features. Experiments were carried out on the WAY-EEG-GAL and BCI competition IV 2a datasets to verify the performance of this proposed method. The experimental results show that the proposed framework achieves a state-of-the-art performance that significantly outperforms the multi-branch 3D CNN framework, with a 6.208% improvement in the average accuracy for the BCI competition IV 2a datasets and 6.281% improvement in the average accuracy for the WAY-EEG-GAL datasets, with a smaller standard deviation. The results also prove the effectiveness and robustness of the method, along with validating its use in MI-classification tasks.
运动想象(MI)是脑机接口(BCI)的一种经典方法,该方法通过识别由想象身体运动诱发的脑电图(EEG)信号特征来提取相关信息。近年来,各种深度学习方法正聚焦于寻找一种易于使用的EEG表示方法,这种方法能够同时保留时间信息和空间信息。为进一步利用EEG信号的时空特征,本文提出了一种改进的EEG三维表示方法以及用于MI分类的密集连接多分支三维卷积神经网络(dense M3D CNN)。具体而言,与原始三维表示相比,提出了一种新的填充方法,用所有EEG信号的均值对没有电极的点进行填充。基于这种新的三维表示,提出了一种具有新型密集连接的密集连接多分支三维CNN,用于提取EEG信号特征。在WAY-EEG-GAL和BCI竞赛IV 2a数据集上进行了实验,以验证该方法的性能。实验结果表明,所提出的框架取得了领先的性能,显著优于多分支三维CNN框架,在BCI竞赛IV 2a数据集上平均准确率提高了6.208%,在WAY-EEG-GAL数据集上平均准确率提高了6.281%,且标准差更小。结果还证明了该方法的有效性和鲁棒性,并验证了其在MI分类任务中的应用。