Graham Eileen K, Weston Sara J, Gerstorf Denis, Yoneda Tomiko B, Booth Tom, Beam Christopher R, Petkus Andrew J, Drewelies Johanna, Hall Andrew N, Bastarache Emily D, Estabrook Ryne, Katz Mindy J, Turiano Nicholas A, Lindenberger Ulman, Smith Jacqui, Wagner Gert G, Pedersen Nancy L, Allemand Mathias, Spiro Avron, Deeg Dorly J H, Johansson Boo, Piccinin Andrea M, Lipton Richard B, Schaie K Warner, Willis Sherry, Reynolds Chandra A, Deary Ian J, Hofer Scott M, Mroczek Daniel K
Northwestern University, Chicago, IL USA.
University of Oregon, Eugene, OR USA.
Eur J Pers. 2020 May;34(3):301-321. doi: 10.1002/per.2259. Epub 2020 May 1.
This study assessed change in self-reported Big Five personality traits. We conducted a coordinated integrative data analysis using data from 16 longitudinal samples, comprising a total sample of over 60 000 participants. We coordinated models across multiple datasets and fit identical multi-level growth models to assess and compare the extent of trait change over time. Quadratic change was assessed in a subset of samples with four or more measurement occasions. Across studies, the linear trajectory models revealed declines in conscientiousness, extraversion, and openness. Non-linear models suggested late-life increases in neuroticism. Meta-analytic summaries indicated that the fixed effects of personality change are somewhat heterogeneous and that the variability in trait change is partially explained by sample age, country of origin, and personality measurement method. We also found mixed evidence for predictors of change, specifically for sex and baseline age. This study demonstrates the importance of coordinated conceptual replications for accelerating the accumulation of robust and reliable findings in the lifespan developmental psychological sciences.
本研究评估了自我报告的大五人格特质的变化。我们使用来自16个纵向样本的数据进行了一项协调的综合数据分析，总样本超过60000名参与者。我们对多个数据集的模型进行了协调，并拟合了相同的多层次增长模型，以评估和比较特质随时间变化的程度。在有四次或更多次测量的样本子集中评估了二次变化。在各项研究中，线性轨迹模型显示尽责性、外向性和开放性有所下降。非线性模型表明神经质在晚年有所增加。元分析总结表明，人格变化的固定效应有些异质性，特质变化的变异性部分由样本年龄、原籍国和人格测量方法解释。我们还发现了关于变化预测因素的混合证据，特别是关于性别和基线年龄的证据。本研究证明了协调概念复制对于加速寿命发展心理科学中稳健可靠发现的积累的重要性。
