Ince Muharrem, Kaplan Ince Olcay, Onal Ali
Department of Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Tunceli Vocation School, Munzur University, 62000 Tunceli, Turkey.
Munzur University Rare Earth Elements Application and Research Center, 62000 Tunceli, Turkey.
J Food Sci Technol. 2021 Feb;58(2):510-519. doi: 10.1007/s13197-020-04562-8. Epub 2020 Jun 5.
Present study was performed using a Box-Behnken Design (BBD) combined with a response surface methodology (RSM). The ultimate goal of this research was to apply BBD for modeling of copper (Cu) ions from alcoholic beverages and evaluate health risk assessment of Cu via consumption of alcoholic beverages. The importance of independent paramaters and their interactions were examined using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Natural clay was investigated to remove Cu ions from some alcoholic beverage samples including beer and wine. X-ray diffraction (XRD), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive X-ray (EDS) analysis were used for adsorbent characterization. Same analyzes were applied for Cu loaded clay. In addition, experimental studies showed that Freundlich isotherm was better than Langmuir isotherm. Finally, optimized method was applied to alcoholic beverages. Besides target hazard quotients (THQ), estimated daily intake (EDI) values were calculated, to assess a health risk resulting from these alcoholic beverages regular consumption. The EDI values of Cu (µg/day/person) through consumption of investigated drinks were less than the recommended dietary allowance values. Also, the THQ values of Cu were less than 1. According to estimated target hazard, it can be said no long life health concerns of Cu is associated with the consumption of studied drinks. Obtained results were compared with the data from literature and levels set by regulatory authorities, it can be clearly stated that the consumption of mentioned alcoholic beverages do not pose a toxicological risk.
本研究采用Box-Behnken设计（BBD）结合响应面法（RSM）进行。本研究的最终目标是应用BBD对酒精饮料中的铜（Cu）离子进行建模，并通过饮用酒精饮料评估铜的健康风险评估。使用方差分析（ANOVA）研究了独立参数及其相互作用的重要性。研究了天然粘土对包括啤酒和葡萄酒在内的一些酒精饮料样品中铜离子的去除效果。采用X射线衍射（XRD）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）结合能量色散X射线（EDS）分析对吸附剂进行表征。对负载铜的粘土进行了同样的分析。此外，实验研究表明，Freundlich等温线比Langmuir等温线更好。最后，将优化后的方法应用于酒精饮料。除了计算目标危害商（THQ）外，还计算了估计每日摄入量（EDI）值，以评估经常饮用这些酒精饮料所导致的健康风险。通过饮用所研究饮料摄入的铜的EDI值（μg/天/人）低于推荐膳食摄入量值。此外，铜的THQ值小于1。根据估计的目标危害，可以说饮用所研究的饮料与铜对健康的长期影响无关。将所得结果与文献数据和监管机构设定的水平进行比较，可以明确指出，饮用上述酒精饮料不会构成毒理学风险。
