女性对乳腺癌的信念、恐惧和认知：对乳房 X 光筛查实践的影响。
Beliefs, fear and awareness of women about breast cancer: Effects on mammography screening practices.
机构信息
Medical Surgical Department, Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Islamic Azad University, Bonab Branch, Bonab, Iran.
Medical and Surgical Department, Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
出版信息
Nurs Open. 2021 Mar;8(2):890-899. doi: 10.1002/nop2.696. Epub 2020 Nov 20.
AIM
This study sought to investigate the beliefs, fear and awareness about breast cancer and mammography screening practices of women in Iran.
METHODS
This descriptive-correlational study was conducted at Tabriz, East Azerbaijan Province, northwest of Iran from February-July 2017. One hundred and fifty-two women aged 40 years and older, who were referred to 12 health centres for health services were selected via clustering sampling. Associations between variables and mammography screening practices were examined using bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Participants who had a mammogram within the last 24 months were compared with those who had none. Sociodemographic questionnaire, Champion's Breast Cancer Fear Scale, Champion's Health Belief Model Scale for Mammography Screening, Breast Cancer Awareness Scale and Powe Fatalism Inventory were the tools used for data gathering.
RESULTS
Just 38.2% of women reported having a mammogram within the last 24 months. Self-efficacy (OR = 5.36, B = 1.68, p < .001), susceptibility (OR = 2.83, B = 1.04, p < .001), motivation (OR = 2.11, B = 0.75, p = .024) and lower perceived barriers (OR = 0.25, B = -1.37, p < .001) were associated with being screened. Neither fatalistic belief nor awareness towards breast cancer was significant.
目的
本研究旨在调查伊朗女性对乳腺癌和乳房 X 光筛查的信念、恐惧和认知。
方法
本描述性相关性研究于 2017 年 2 月至 7 月在伊朗西北部东阿塞拜疆省的大不里士进行。通过聚类抽样，选择了 152 名年龄在 40 岁及以上的女性，这些女性因健康服务而被转介到 12 个保健中心。使用双变量和多变量逻辑回归分析检查了变量之间的关联与乳房 X 光筛查实践。将在过去 24 个月内进行过乳房 X 光检查的参与者与未进行过乳房 X 光检查的参与者进行了比较。使用的工具包括：社会人口学问卷、Champion 的乳腺癌恐惧量表、Champion 的乳房 X 光筛查健康信念模型量表、乳腺癌认知量表和 Powe 宿命论量表。
结果
仅有 38.2%的女性报告在过去 24 个月内进行过乳房 X 光检查。自我效能感（OR=5.36，B=1.68，p<0.001）、易感性（OR=2.83，B=1.04，p<0.001）、动机（OR=2.11，B=0.75，p=0.024）和较低的感知障碍（OR=0.25，B=-1.37，p<0.001）与接受筛查有关。宿命论信念和对乳腺癌的认知均无显著意义。
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