2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology-Aretaieion Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11 528 Athens, Greece.
City of Hope National Medical Center, Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, CA 91010, USA.
Nutrients. 2021 Jan 30;13(2):466. doi: 10.3390/nu13020466.
Fetal growth restriction is associated with increased postnatal cardiovascular morbidity. The alterations in heart physiology and structure caused by in utero nutrient deprivation have not been extensively studied. We aim to investigate the impact of maternal food restriction on the cardiac proteome of newborn rats with normal (non-fetal growth-restricted (FGR)) and reduced (FGR) birth weight.
On day 14 of gestation, 10 timed pregnant rats were randomized into two nutritional groups: (a) Standard laboratory diet and (b) 50% global food restriction. Pups born to food-restricted mothers were subdivided, based on birthweight, into fetal growth-restricted (FGR) and non-FGR, while pups born from normally nourished mothers were considered controls. Rat neonates were euthanized immediately after birth and the hearts of 11 randomly selected male offspring ( = 4 FGR, = 4 non-FGR, = 3 control group) were analyzed using quantitative proteomics.
In total, 7422 proteins were quantified (q < 0.05). Of these, 1175 were differentially expressed in FGR and 231 in non-FGR offspring vs. control with 151 common differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) between the two groups. Bioinformatics analysis of DEPs in FGR vs. control showed decreased integrin and apelin cardiac fibroblast signaling, decreased muscle contraction and glycolysis, and over-representation of a protein network related to embryonic development, and cell death and survival.
Our study illustrates the distinct proteomic profile of FGR and non-FGR offspring of food-restricted dams underlying the importance of both prenatal adversities and birth weight in cardiac physiology and development.
胎儿生长受限与出生后心血管发病率增加有关。子宫内营养剥夺引起的心脏生理学和结构改变尚未得到广泛研究。我们旨在研究母体食物限制对正常（非胎儿生长受限（FGR））和体重减轻（FGR）新生儿大鼠心脏蛋白质组的影响。
在妊娠第 14 天，10 只定时怀孕的大鼠被随机分为两个营养组：（a）标准实验室饮食和（b）50%全球食物限制。根据出生体重，出生于限制饮食母亲的幼仔分为胎儿生长受限（FGR）和非 FGR，而出生于正常营养母亲的幼仔被认为是对照组。新生大鼠在出生后立即安乐死，随机选择 11 只雄性后代的心脏（= 4 FGR，= 4 非 FGR，= 3 对照组）进行定量蛋白质组学分析。
总共定量了 7422 种蛋白质（q < 0.05）。其中，1175 种在 FGR 和 231 种在非 FGR 后代中与对照组相比差异表达，两组之间有 151 种共同差异表达蛋白（DEPs）。FGR 与对照组相比的 DEPs 的生物信息学分析显示，心脏成纤维细胞信号传导中的整合素和 Apelin 减少，肌肉收缩和糖酵解减少，与胚胎发育、细胞死亡和存活相关的蛋白质网络过度表达。
我们的研究说明了食物限制的母鼠的 FGR 和非 FGR 后代的独特蛋白质组谱，这表明产前逆境和出生体重对心脏生理学和发育都很重要。
