Institut d'Història de la Ciència, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain.
Hist Sci. 2022 Sep;60(3):383-404. doi: 10.1177/0073275321991288. Epub 2021 Feb 11.
From 17 to 22 October 1955, Madrid hosted the UNESCO Festival of Science. In the early years of the Cold War, in a dictatorial country that had recently been admitted into the international community, the festival aimed to spread science to the public through displays of scientific instruments, public lectures, book exhibitions, science writers professional associations, and debates about the use of different media. In this context, foreign visitors, many of whom came from liberal democracies, seemed comfortable in the capital of a country ruled by a dictatorship that had survived after the defeat of fascism in the Second World War and was struggling to gain foreign recognition after years of isolation.This article analyzes the political role of science popularization in Madrid at that time. It approaches the apparently puzzling marriage between UNESCO's international agenda for peace and democracy and the interests of the Francoist elites. Shared views of technocratic modernity, the fight against communism, and a diplomacy that served Spanish nationalism, paved the way for the alliance.
1955 年 10 月 17 日至 22 日，马德里举办了教科文组织科学节。在冷战初期，在一个刚刚被国际社会接纳的独裁国家，该节日旨在通过展示科学仪器、公开讲座、书展、科学作家专业协会以及关于不同媒体使用的辩论，向公众传播科学。在这种情况下，外国游客感到自在，他们中的许多人来自自由民主国家，在这个国家的首都，一个在第二次世界大战中击败法西斯主义后幸存下来的独裁国家，在经历了多年的孤立之后，正在努力获得外国承认。本文分析了当时马德里科学普及的政治作用。它探讨了教科文组织促进和平与民主的国际议程与佛朗哥精英利益之间看似令人费解的结合。技术统治现代性、反共以及为西班牙民族主义服务的外交的共同观点，为联盟铺平了道路。
