School of Human Nutrition, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Sainte Anne de Bellevue, QC, H9X 3V9, Canada.
Int J Obes (Lond). 2021 Jun;45(6):1193-1202. doi: 10.1038/s41366-021-00766-w. Epub 2021 Feb 11.
The CD36 gene is a candidate for sensory detection of fatty acids and has been associated with individual differences in fat preferences and consumption. Excess adiposity may compromise sensory detection, but few studies have examined whether associations between CD36 variants and fat consumption differ between underweight/normal weight (UW/NW) and overweight/obese (OW/OB) individuals.
Diet (assessed by food frequency questionnaire), genetic (nine variants), body mass index (BMI), lifestyle and biomarker data were obtained from the CARTaGENE biobank (n = 12,065), a Quebec cohort of middle-aged adults. Primary outcome variables included intakes (%kcal/day) of total, saturated (SFA), monounsaturated (MUFA) and polyunsaturated (PUFA) fatty acids. Secondary outcome variables included consumption (servings/day) of four food categories with high-fat content (added fats and oils, high-fat foods, desserts and MUFA- and PUFA-rich foods) and biomarkers of chronic disease. Multivariable regression models stratified by BMI category were used to assess associations between CD36 variants and outcome variables.
Among UW/NW, rs1049654 and rs10499859 were associated with higher intakes of total fat, MUFA and PUFA (all P < 0.05), while rs1527483 and rs3211956 were associated with higher SFA (P = 0.0278) and lower PUFA (P = 0.0466) intake, respectively. Rs1527483 and rs3211956 were also associated with higher consumption of high-fat foods and desserts (all P < 0.05). Among OW, rs1054516 and rs3173798 were associated with higher SFA intake (both P < 0.05), and rs1054516 was also associated with higher serum triglycerides (P = 0.0065).
CD36 variants are associated with habitual fat consumption, which may play a role in subsequent associations with chronic-disease biomarkers. Associations differ by BMI status and dietary fat type.
CD36 基因是脂肪酸感觉检测的候选基因，与个体对脂肪的偏好和摄入量差异有关。肥胖可能会影响感觉检测，但很少有研究检查 CD36 变体与脂肪摄入之间的关联是否在体重不足/正常体重（UW/NW）和超重/肥胖（OW/OB）个体之间存在差异。
从 CARTaGENE 生物库（n=12065）中获取饮食（通过食物频率问卷评估）、遗传（9 个变体）、体重指数（BMI）、生活方式和生物标志物数据，这是魁北克中年成年人队列。主要结局变量包括总脂肪（%kcal/天）、饱和脂肪（SFA）、单不饱和脂肪（MUFA）和多不饱和脂肪（PUFA）的摄入量。次要结局变量包括高脂肪含量（添加的脂肪和油、高脂肪食品、甜点以及 MUFA 和 PUFA 丰富的食品）四类食品的消耗量（份/天）和慢性疾病的生物标志物。使用 BMI 类别分层的多变量回归模型来评估 CD36 变体与结局变量之间的关联。
在 UW/NW 中，rs1049654 和 rs10499859 与总脂肪、MUFA 和 PUFA 的摄入量较高相关（均 P<0.05），而 rs1527483 和 rs3211956 与 SFA 摄入量较高（P=0.0278）和 PUFA 摄入量较低（P=0.0466）相关。rs1527483 和 rs3211956 还与高脂肪食物和甜点的高摄入量相关（均 P<0.05）。在 OW 中，rs1054516 和 rs3173798 与 SFA 摄入量较高相关（均 P<0.05），rs1054516 还与血清甘油三酯较高相关（P=0.0065）。
CD36 变体与习惯性脂肪摄入有关，这可能在随后与慢性疾病生物标志物的关联中起作用。关联因 BMI 状态和膳食脂肪类型而异。
