Department of Infection Biology, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK.
Department of Infection Biology, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK.
Vaccine. 2022 Mar 8;40(11):1525-1533. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.01.068. Epub 2021 Feb 12.
The BCG vaccine will, in 2021, have been in use for 100 years. Much remains to be understood, including the reasons for its variable efficacy against pulmonary tuberculosis in adults. This review will discuss what has been learnt about the BCG vaccine in the last two decades, and whether this new information can be exploited to improve its efficacy, by enhancing its ability to induce either antigen-specific and/or non-specific effects. Many factors affect both the immunogenicity of BCG and its protective efficacy, highlighting the challenges of working with a live vaccine in man, but new insights may enable us to exploit better what BCG can do.
卡介苗（BCG）疫苗将于 2021 年使用 100 年。仍有许多方面需要了解，包括其对成人肺结核的疗效为何存在差异。本综述将讨论在过去二十年中对卡介苗的了解，以及这些新信息是否可以通过增强其诱导抗原特异性和/或非特异性作用的能力来提高其疗效。许多因素影响卡介苗的免疫原性及其保护效力，这突出了在人体中使用活疫苗的挑战，但新的见解可能使我们能够更好地利用卡介苗所能发挥的作用。
