School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sports Science), Faculty of Science, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, AUSTRALIA.
Auckland University of Technology, Sports Performance Institute New Zealand (SPRINZ), Auckland, NEW ZEALAND.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2021 Aug 1;53(8):1685-1698. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000002636.
Can intermittent energy restriction (IER) improve fat loss and fat-free mass retention compared with continuous energy restriction (CER) in resistance-trained adults?
Sixty-one adults (32 women) with a mean (SD) age of 28.7 (6.5) yr, body weight of 77.2 (16.1) kg, and body fat of 25.5% (6.1%) were randomized to 12 wk of 1) 4 × 3 wk of moderate (m) energy restriction interspersed with 3 × 1 wk of energy balance (mIER; n = 30; 15 wk total) or 2) 12 wk of continuous moderate energy restriction (mCER; n = 31). Analyses of all outcome measures were by intention-to-treat.
After accounting for baseline differences, mIER did not result in lower fat mass or body weight, or greater fat-free mass, compared with mCER after energy restriction. Mean (and 97.5% confidence interval for fat mass at the end of mIER versus mCER was 15.3 (12.5-18.0) kg versus 18.0 (14.3-21.7) kg (P = 0.321), that for fat-free mass was 56.7 (51.5-61.9) kg versus 56.7 (51.4-62.0) kg (P = 0.309), and that for body weight (with 95% confidence interval) was 72.1 (66.4-77.9) versus 74.6 (69.3-80.0) (P = 0.283). There were no differences between interventions in muscle strength or endurance or in resting energy expenditure, leptin, testosterone, insulin-like growth factor-1, free 3,3',5-triiodothyronine or active ghrelin, or in sleep, muscle dysmorphia, or eating disorder behaviors. However, participants in mIER exhibited lower hunger (P = 0.002) and desire to eat (P = 0.014) compared with those in mCER, and greater satisfaction (P = 0.016) and peptide YY (P = 0.034).
Similar fat loss and fat-free mass retention are achieved with mIER and mCER during 12 wk of energy restriction; however, mIER is associated with reduced appetite.
间歇性能量限制（IER）是否比连续能量限制（CER）更能在抗阻训练成年人中增加脂肪损失和保留去脂体重？
61 名成年人（32 名女性）的平均（SD）年龄为 28.7（6.5）岁，体重为 77.2（16.1）kg，体脂为 25.5%（6.1%），被随机分配到 12 周的 1）4×3 周的适度（m）能量限制，穿插 3×1 周的能量平衡（mIER；n=30；总 15 周）或 2）12 周连续适度能量限制（mCER；n=31）。所有结果测量的分析均按意向治疗进行。
在考虑到基线差异后，mIER 并没有导致脂肪质量或体重下降，或与 mCER 相比去脂体重增加，在能量限制后。mIER 结束时脂肪质量的平均值（97.5%置信区间）为 15.3（12.5-18.0）kg 与 18.0（14.3-21.7）kg（P=0.321），脂肪质量的平均值（97.5%置信区间）为 56.7（51.5-61.9）kg 与 56.7（51.4-62.0）kg（P=0.309），体重（95%置信区间）为 72.1（66.4-77.9）kg 与 74.6（69.3-80.0）kg（P=0.283）。两种干预措施在肌肉力量或耐力、静息能量消耗、瘦素、睾酮、胰岛素样生长因子-1、游离 3,3',5-三碘甲状腺原氨酸或活性胃饥饿素、睡眠、肌肉变形或饮食失调行为方面均无差异。然而，与 mCER 相比，mIER 组的饥饿感（P=0.002）和食欲（P=0.014）较低，而满意度（P=0.016）和肽 YY（P=0.034）较高。
在 12 周的能量限制期间，mIER 和 mCER 可实现相似的脂肪损失和保留去脂体重；然而，mIER 与食欲下降有关。
