Department of Health Science, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, USA.
Department of Health Studies and Applied Educational Psychology, Teachers College, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
Clin Obes. 2024 Apr;14(2):e12634. doi: 10.1111/cob.12634. Epub 2023 Dec 22.
Sleep is hypothesized to interact with weight gain and loss; however, modelling this relationship remains elusive. Poor sleep perpetuates a cascade of cardiovascular and metabolic consequences that may not only increase risk of adiposity, but also confound weight loss efforts. We conducted a scoping review to assess the research on sleep and weight loss interventions. We searched six databases for studies of behavioural weight loss interventions that included assessments of sleep in the general, non-clinical adult human population. Our synthesis focused on dimensions of Population, Intervention, Control, and Outcomes (PICO) to identify research and knowledge gaps. We identified 35 studies that fell into one of four categories: (a) sleep at baseline as a predictor of subsequent weight loss during an intervention, (b) sleep assessments after a history of successful weight loss, (c) concomitant changes in sleep associated with weight loss and (d) experimental manipulation of sleep and resulting weight loss. There was some evidence of improvements in sleep in response to weight-loss interventions; however, randomized controlled trials of weight loss interventions tended not to report improvements in sleep when compared to controls. We conclude that baseline sleep characteristics may predict weight loss in studies of dietary interventions and that sleep does not improve because of weight loss alone. Future studies should enrol large and diverse, normal, overweight and obese short sleepers in trials to assess the efficacy of sleep as a behavioural weight loss treatment.
睡眠被认为与体重增加和减少相互作用；然而，对这种关系进行建模仍然难以捉摸。睡眠质量差会引发一连串的心血管和代谢后果，这不仅可能增加肥胖的风险，还会混淆减肥的努力。我们进行了一项范围性综述，以评估关于睡眠和减肥干预的研究。我们在六个数据库中搜索了行为减肥干预的研究，这些研究在一般的、非临床的成年人群中评估了睡眠。我们的综合分析侧重于人口、干预、对照和结局（PICO）的维度，以确定研究和知识差距。我们确定了 35 项研究，这些研究分为四类：（a）在干预期间，睡眠作为随后体重减轻的预测因素，（b）成功减肥后的睡眠评估，（c）与体重减轻相关的睡眠的同时变化，以及（d）睡眠的实验性操纵和由此导致的体重减轻。有一些证据表明，睡眠在减肥干预中有所改善；然而，与对照组相比，减肥干预的随机对照试验往往没有报告睡眠的改善。我们得出结论，在饮食干预的研究中，基线睡眠特征可能预测体重减轻，而且睡眠不会因体重减轻而自动改善。未来的研究应该招募大量、多样化的正常、超重和肥胖的短睡眠者，以评估睡眠作为行为性减肥治疗的疗效。
