Department for Horses, University of Leipzig.
Queen's Veterinary School Hospital, University of Cambridge.
Tierarztl Prax Ausg G Grosstiere Nutztiere. 2021 Feb;49(1):21-29. doi: 10.1055/a-1306-3331. Epub 2021 Feb 15.
Chemical restraint in dairy calves is necessary to enable diagnostic and surgical procedures. It is unclear whether xylazine or detomidine differ with regard to desirable and unwanted effects.
In a prospective randomized interventional study, 10 healthy Holstein-Friesian calves (age range 3-6 month) were sedated with either xylazine (0.1 mg/kg, Group X, n = 5) or detomidine (0.03 mg/kg, Group D, n = 5) intravenously, followed by butorphanol (0.1 mg/kg i. v.) in all animals. Characteristics of sedation and selected pharmacodynamic parameters were compared between groups using a non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test.
All calves (5/5) in Group X and (3/5) calves in Group D became laterally recumbent within 5 minutes. Two calves (40 %) in Group D remained standing and could not been positioned in lateral recumbency 15 minutes after initial administration of the sedation agents. Sedation scores, onset and duration of sedation did not differ between groups. Heart and respiratory rate decreased in both groups. Mean arterial pressure was with around 30 mmHg significantly higher in Group D (t, t, t, t with p = 0.018, 0.036, 0.029 and 0.016, respectively). In Group X, glucose level (t) and packed cell volume (t) were significantly lower (p = 0.032 and 0.048, respectively).
and clinical relevance The xylazine-butorphanol combination provided reliable recumbent chemical restraint. With detomidine-butorphanol recumbency failed in some individuals, but a sufficient clinical sedation was achieved. Based on the limited monitoring used in this study, the side effects are of minor clinical relevance in healthy individuals.
在奶牛犊牛中进行化学约束是进行诊断和手术程序所必需的。尚不清楚是否在期望效果和不期望效果方面，唑拉西泮和盐酸托烷司琼有区别。
在一项前瞻性随机干预研究中，10 头健康的荷斯坦-弗里森奶牛犊（3-6 月龄）静脉注射唑拉西泮（0.1mg/kg，X 组，n=5）或盐酸托烷司琼（0.03mg/kg，D 组，n=5），然后所有动物均静脉注射布托啡诺（0.1mg/kg）。使用非参数 Mann-Whitney U 检验比较组间镇静特征和选定的药效学参数。
X 组的所有犊牛（5/5）和 D 组的 3/5 犊牛在 5 分钟内侧卧。D 组的 2 头犊牛（40%）仍站立，在镇静剂初始给药后 15 分钟不能侧卧定位。镇静评分、镇静开始和持续时间在组间无差异。两组的心率和呼吸率均下降。平均动脉压在 D 组（t，t，t，t，p=0.018、0.036、0.029 和 0.016）显著升高，约为 30mmHg。在 X 组中，血糖水平（t）和红细胞压积（t）显著降低（p=0.032 和 0.048）。
和临床相关性 唑拉西泮-布托啡诺联合提供了可靠的侧卧化学约束。在一些个体中，盐酸托烷司琼-布托啡诺联合未能使犊牛侧卧，但达到了足够的临床镇静效果。根据本研究中使用的有限监测，在健康个体中，副作用具有较小的临床相关性。
