Department of Chemistry, School of Physical and Chemical Science, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, 8040, New Zealand.
Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 410001, Nigeria.
ChemistryOpen. 2021 Apr;10(4):430-450. doi: 10.1002/open.202000309. Epub 2021 Feb 15.
Discovering efficient methods for the formation of carbon-carbon bonds is a central ongoing theme in organic synthesis. Cross-coupling reactions catalysed by metal nanoparticles are attractive alternatives to the traditional use of metal counterparts due to the catalytic tunability, selectivity, recyclability and reusability of the nanoparticles. The ongoing search for sustainable processes demands that reusable and environmentally benign catalysts are used. While the advantages of nanoparticles catalysts over bulk catalysts cannot be overemphasised, the problem of sintering, agglomeration and leaching are drawbacks to their full industrial applications. Hence, efforts are being made towards advancing the efficiency of the catalytic nanoparticle systems over the years. This review presents the progress, the challenges and the prospects of palladium nanoparticle with focus on Heck, Suzuki, Hiyama and Sonogashira cross-coupling reactions involving (hetero) aryl halides and the analogues.
发现高效的碳-碳键形成方法是有机合成中一个持续的核心主题。由于金属纳米粒子的催化可调性、选择性、可回收性和再利用性，金属纳米粒子催化的交叉偶联反应是传统使用金属对应物的有吸引力的替代品。可持续工艺的持续探索要求使用可重复使用和环境友好的催化剂。虽然纳米粒子催化剂相对于体相催化剂的优势不言而喻，但烧结、团聚和浸出问题限制了它们的全面工业应用。因此，多年来，人们一直在努力提高催化纳米粒子系统的效率。本文综述了钯纳米粒子在 Heck、Suzuki、Hiyama 和 Sonogashira 交叉偶联反应（涉及杂芳基卤化物和类似物）中的进展、挑战和前景。
