Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Nat Commun. 2021 Feb 16;12(1):1050. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-21283-4.
Attributing the similarity between individuals to genetic and non-genetic factors is central to genetic analyses. In this paper we use the genomic relationship ([Formula: see text]) among 417,060 individuals to investigate the phenotypic covariance between pairs of individuals for 32 traits across the spectrum of relatedness, from unrelated pairs through to identical twins. We find linear relationships between phenotypic covariance and [Formula: see text] that agree with the SNP-based heritability ([Formula: see text]) in unrelated pairs ([Formula: see text]), and with pedigree-estimated heritability in close relatives ([Formula: see text]). The covariance increases faster than [Formula: see text] in distant relatives ([Formula: see text]), and we attribute this to imperfect linkage disequilibrium between causal variants and the common variants used to construct [Formula: see text]. We also examine the effect of assortative mating on heritability estimates from different experimental designs. We find that full-sib identity-by-descent regression estimates for height (0.66 s.e. 0.07) are consistent with estimates from close relatives (0.82 s.e. 0.04) after accounting for the effect of assortative mating.
将个体之间的相似性归因于遗传和非遗传因素是遗传分析的核心。在本文中，我们使用 417060 个人之间的基因组关系([Formula: see text])，研究了 32 个特征在整个相关性范围内（从无关个体到同卵双胞胎）的个体对之间的表型协方差。我们发现表型协方差与基于 SNP 的遗传率([Formula: see text])之间存在线性关系，这与无关个体([Formula: see text])中的 SNP 一致，并且与近亲中的系谱估计遗传率([Formula: see text])一致。在远亲([Formula: see text])中，协方差的增加速度快于[Formula: see text]，我们将其归因于因果变异与用于构建[Formula: see text]的常见变异之间不完全连锁不平衡。我们还研究了不同实验设计的连锁不平衡对遗传率估计的影响。我们发现，在考虑了同型交配的影响后，身高的全同胞身份识别回归估计值（0.66 s.e. 0.07）与近亲（0.82 s.e. 0.04）的估计值一致。
