Persian BayanGene Research and Training Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci. 2021 Sep;58(6):385-398. doi: 10.1080/10408363.2021.1884640. Epub 2021 Feb 17.
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has highlighted the cardinal importance of rapid and accurate diagnostic assays. Since the early days of the outbreak, researchers with different scientific backgrounds across the globe have tried to fulfill the urgent need for such assays, with many assays having been approved and with others still undergoing clinical validation. Molecular diagnostic assays are a major group of tests used to diagnose COVID-19. Currently, the detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is the most widely used method. Other diagnostic molecular methods, including CRISPR-based assays, isothermal nucleic acid amplification methods, digital PCR, microarray assays, and next generation sequencing (NGS), are promising alternatives. In this review, we summarize the technical and clinical applications of the different COVID-19 molecular diagnostic assays and suggest directions for the implementation of such technologies in future infectious disease outbreaks.
新型冠状病毒病 2019（COVID-19）大流行凸显了快速而准确的诊断检测的至关重要性。自疫情爆发早期以来，来自全球不同科学背景的研究人员一直试图满足对这类检测的迫切需求，其中许多检测已获得批准，还有一些仍在进行临床验证。分子诊断检测是用于诊断 COVID-19 的主要检测手段之一。目前，通过逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）检测 SARS-CoV-2 RNA 是最广泛使用的方法。其他诊断性分子方法，包括基于 CRISPR 的检测方法、等温核酸扩增方法、数字 PCR、微阵列检测和下一代测序（NGS），是很有前途的替代方法。在这篇综述中，我们总结了不同 COVID-19 分子诊断检测的技术和临床应用，并为这些技术在未来传染病爆发中的应用提出了建议。
