Departement of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Centre de recherche de l'Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Centre de recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, COMETE, 14 000 Caen, France.
Exp Gerontol. 2021 May;147:111277. doi: 10.1016/j.exger.2021.111277. Epub 2021 Feb 15.
Aerobic training can lead to improved cognition in older adults and this effect can be explained by enhanced cardiorespiratory fitness. However, statins could limit the physical benefits of aerobic training by altering the mechanisms through which exercise improves cognition. Whether statins could have an effect on the cognitive benefits associated with aerobic training remains to be elucidated. The objective of this study was to determine whether the cognitive benefits of aerobic training were comparable in statin users and non-users. A total of 144 sedentary participants (>60 y.o.; 106 non-users, 38 statin users) were included. Participants were either part of an aerobic training group (n = 75) or a control group (n = 69). Cognition was assessed using the Stroop test. Analyses were performed on z-score changes from pre to post-intervention of Stroop reaction time (RT) and number of errors, using Two-factor ANCOVAs, while controlling for potential confounding factors (age, education, BMI, Charlson Comorbidity Index, sex, protocol and handgrip strength). The moderating effect of statins on the cognitive changes associated with aerobic training was determined through moderation analyses. An interaction effect on the Stroop switching condition was detected between intervention and statin intake (F [1, 140] = 5.659, P < 0.01). The intervention effect on switching RT was moderated by statin intake, where intervention improved switching RT only in non-users (Effect = 0.1678; P < 0.01). Statins could limit the cognitive benefits of aerobic training on switching capacities in some patients. Future randomized studies including a larger number of participants and looking at different types of statins should be conducted to confirm these results.
有氧运动训练可以改善老年人的认知能力，这种效果可以通过增强心肺健康来解释。然而，他汀类药物可能会通过改变运动改善认知的机制来限制有氧运动的身体益处。他汀类药物是否会对与有氧运动相关的认知益处产生影响仍有待阐明。本研究的目的是确定在使用他汀类药物和未使用他汀类药物的人群中，有氧运动训练的认知益处是否具有可比性。共有 144 名久坐不动的参与者（>60 岁；106 名未使用者，38 名他汀类药物使用者）入组。参与者分为有氧运动训练组（n=75）或对照组（n=69）。使用 Stroop 测试评估认知能力。使用 Two-factor ANCOVAs 分析 Stroop 反应时间（RT）和错误数量的 z 分数变化，在控制潜在混杂因素（年龄、教育程度、BMI、Charlson 合并症指数、性别、方案和握力）的情况下进行分析。通过调节分析确定他汀类药物对与有氧运动相关的认知变化的调节作用。在干预和他汀类药物摄入之间检测到 Stroop 转换条件的交互效应（F [1, 140] = 5.659，P < 0.01）。他汀类药物摄入量调节了干预对转换 RT 的影响，只有在未使用者中，干预才改善了转换 RT（效应=0.1678；P < 0.01）。他汀类药物可能会限制某些患者有氧运动训练对转换能力的认知益处。应该进行更多参与者的随机研究，并研究不同类型的他汀类药物，以确认这些结果。
