School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Research Center for Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
J Affect Disord. 2021 Mar 1;282:1101-1109. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.01.010. Epub 2021 Jan 8.
Adolescents with mental illnesses account for a significant proportion of young people globally. Mental illness is a major public health problem because of its harmful effects on adolescents' development. There is a need to better understand the prevalence and protective factors regarding adolescents' psychological distress to inform policies for effective prevention.
We used data from the Global School-based Student Health Surveys between 2009 and 2017. The data were collected through anonymous self-report questionnaires. This report is based on four questions assessing psychological distress and three questions assessing parental involvement. We calculated the pooled overall and regional estimates by random-effects meta-analysis. Logistic regression models were used to analyse the association between psychological distress and parental involvement. The association between adolescents' psychological distress and a country's purchasing power parity (PPP) was examined by linear regression analysis.
We included 167,484 young adolescents (boys, 47.3%; girls, 52.7%) in low-income and middle-income countries. The overall prevalence rates of psychological distress (loneliness, insomnia due to anxiety, suicidal ideation, and no close friends) were 10.7%, 9.1%, 13.6%, and 6.4%, respectively. A high level of parental involvement was associated with good mental health. The relationships of PPP with loneliness and insomnia due to anxiety were positive, but the relationships of PPP with the other two aspects were negative.
The cross-sectional data do not infer causality between psychological distress and parental involvement.
This study indicated that high levels of parental involvement were significantly associated with a decreased likelihood of psychological distress. In addition, PPP was also related to psychological distress. Specifically, PPP was significantly associated with a decreased likelihood of not having close friends.
患有精神疾病的青少年在全球青少年中占很大比例。精神疾病是一个主要的公共卫生问题，因为它对青少年的发展有不良影响。需要更好地了解青少年心理困扰的流行率和保护因素，以为有效的预防政策提供信息。
我们使用了 2009 年至 2017 年全球学校学生健康调查的数据。这些数据是通过匿名自我报告问卷收集的。本报告基于四个评估心理困扰的问题和三个评估父母参与的问题。我们通过随机效应荟萃分析计算了总体和区域综合估计值。使用逻辑回归模型分析心理困扰与父母参与之间的关系。通过线性回归分析检查了青少年心理困扰与一个国家的购买力平价（PPP）之间的关系。
我们纳入了来自低收入和中等收入国家的 167484 名青少年（男生，47.3%；女生，52.7%）。心理困扰（孤独感、焦虑导致的失眠、自杀意念和没有亲密朋友）的总体流行率分别为 10.7%、9.1%、13.6%和 6.4%。高水平的父母参与与良好的心理健康有关。PPP 与孤独感和焦虑导致的失眠呈正相关，但与其他两个方面呈负相关。
横断面数据不能推断心理困扰和父母参与之间的因果关系。
本研究表明，高水平的父母参与与心理困扰的可能性降低显著相关。此外，PPP 也与心理困扰有关。具体来说，PPP 与没有亲密朋友的可能性显著降低有关。
