Redivo Vanessa S, Olivier Benita
Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
S Afr J Physiother. 2021 Jan 14;77(1):1490. doi: 10.4102/sajp.v77i1.1490. eCollection 2021.
The dramatic increase in visual display units (VDU) in the workplace over a 20-year period is linked to the increased prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs).
The objective of our study was to compare ergonomic risk factors and work-related psychosocial factors in VDU users with and without MSD.
Participants, with and without MSD, working with VDU for more than 4 h a day completed the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire and the Effort-Reward Imbalance Model and Over-commitment Questionnaire. The workstation of each participant was assessed for ergonomic risk factors using the Rapid Office Strain Assessment (ROSA).
Sixty-eight VDU users with and 68 without MSDs participated. The workstation ergonomic risk factors as measured with the ROSA were similar for the two groups: 4.5 ± 1.0 for the MSD group and 4.3 ± 0.8 for the reference group ( = 0.10). The work-related psychosocial factors, namely over-commitment, were higher in the MSD group (14.9 ± 3.1) than in the reference group (13.8 ± 3.4; = 0.041).
As over-commitment is an indication of intrinsic factors and personal characteristics, the significant difference between the MSD group's over-commitment score and that of the reference group suggests that interventions to empower individuals are needed.
Physiotherapists should only adjust ergonomic workstation risk factors when established as contributory to MSD, and should be cognisant of work-related or individual psychosocial factors that may impact the patient with MSD. The use of ergonomic advice to patients with MSD should be performed with caution, taking all the work place risk factors for MSD into account.
在20年的时间里，工作场所视觉显示单元（VDU）的急剧增加与肌肉骨骼疾病（MSD）患病率的上升有关。
我们研究的目的是比较有和没有MSD的VDU使用者的人体工程学风险因素和与工作相关的社会心理因素。
每天使用VDU超过4小时的有和没有MSD的参与者完成了北欧肌肉骨骼问卷、努力-回报失衡模型和过度投入问卷。使用快速办公室劳损评估（ROSA）对每个参与者的工作站进行人体工程学风险因素评估。
68名有MSD的VDU使用者和68名没有MSD的VDU使用者参与了研究。两组用ROSA测量的工作站人体工程学风险因素相似：MSD组为4.5±1.0，参照组为4.3±0.8（P=0.10）。与工作相关的社会心理因素，即过度投入，在MSD组（14.9±3.1）高于参照组（13.8±3.4；P=0.041）。
由于过度投入是内在因素和个人特征的一个指标，MSD组和参照组在过度投入得分上的显著差异表明需要采取增强个体能力的干预措施。
物理治疗师只有在确定人体工程学工作站风险因素是导致MSD的原因时才应进行调整，并且应认识到可能影响患有MSD患者的与工作相关或个体的社会心理因素。对患有MSD的患者使用人体工程学建议时应谨慎，要考虑到所有导致MSD的工作场所风险因素。
