Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.
Laboratory of Host-Microbiota Interactions, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland.
Mucosal Immunol. 2021 Sep;14(5):978-990. doi: 10.1038/s41385-020-00370-7. Epub 2021 Feb 19.
The airway epithelium protects us from environmental insults, which we encounter with every breath. Not only does it passively filter large particles, it also senses potential danger and alerts other cells, including immune and nervous cells. Together, these tissues orchestrate the most appropriate response, balancing the need to eliminate the danger with the risk of damage to the host. Each cell subset within the airway epithelium plays its part, and when impaired, may contribute to the development of respiratory disease. Here we highlight recent advances regarding the cellular and functional heterogeneity along the airway epithelium and discuss how we can use this knowledge to design more effective, targeted therapeutics.
气道上皮细胞保护我们免受环境侵袭，我们每一次呼吸都会接触到环境。它不仅被动地过滤大颗粒，还能感知潜在的危险，并向包括免疫细胞和神经细胞在内的其他细胞发出警报。这些组织共同协调最适当的反应，在消除危险与宿主损伤风险之间取得平衡。气道上皮细胞中的每个细胞亚群都发挥着作用，当它们受损时，可能会导致呼吸道疾病的发展。在这里，我们重点介绍了气道上皮细胞沿不同路径的细胞和功能异质性方面的最新进展，并讨论了如何利用这些知识设计更有效、更有针对性的治疗方法。
