Hu Shaohua, Dai Qing, Wang Ting, Zhang Qianqian, Li Chaoqun, He Hongye
Department of Nursing, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, 230022 Hefei, China.
Ann Med Psychol (Paris). 2022 May;180(5):412-418. doi: 10.1016/j.amp.2021.02.015. Epub 2021 Feb 16.
The current cross-sectional study aimed to explore the relationship between work stressors and mental health in frontline nurses exposed to COVID-19. Participants were recruited from 16 general hospitals in Anhui province from February 2020 to March 2020. The general sociodemographic questionnaire, Nurse Job Stressors Scale, Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire, NEO Five-Factor Inventory, Perceived Social Support Scale, and Kessler Psychological Distress Scale were used in this study. Based on 723 valid questionnaires retrieved (100%), the total mean scores of work stressors and mental health of frontline nurses were (94.38 ± 23.42) and (22.81 ± 7.16), respectively. The results of the structural equation model showed that work stressors had an indirect positive effect ( = 0.484, < 0.01), social support had a direct negative effect ( = -0.934, < 0.01), personality traits had a direct positive effect ( = 0.209, < 0.01), and positive coping style had both direct positive ( = 0.246, < 0.01) and indirect negative effects ( = -0.873, < 0.01) on frontline nurses' mental health. In conclusion, nursing staff can reinforce positive influences by accepting social support, adopting positive coping methods, and weakening negative influences factors to reduce or buffer their negative mental states and further reduce work stress.
当前的横断面研究旨在探讨接触新型冠状病毒肺炎的一线护士工作压力源与心理健康之间的关系。2020年2月至2020年3月期间，从安徽省16家综合医院招募了研究参与者。本研究使用了一般社会人口学问卷、护士工作压力源量表、简易应对方式问卷、大五人格问卷、领悟社会支持量表和凯斯勒心理困扰量表。基于回收的723份有效问卷（100%），一线护士工作压力源和心理健康的总平均分分别为（94.38±23.42）和（22.81±7.16）。结构方程模型结果显示，工作压力源具有间接正向效应（β=0.484，P<0.01），社会支持具有直接负向效应（β=-0.934，P<0.01），人格特质具有直接正向效应（β=0.209，P<0.01），积极应对方式对一线护士心理健康既有直接正向效应（β=0.246，P<0.01）又有间接负向效应（β=-0.873，P<0.01）。总之，护理人员可以通过接受社会支持、采用积极应对方法来增强积极影响，削弱消极影响因素，以减少或缓冲其负面心理状态，进一步减轻工作压力。
