Shirakawa Makoto, Morisaki Yukaho, Gan Eng-Seng, Sato Ayato, Ito Toshiro
Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Japan.
Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
Front Plant Sci. 2021 Feb 4;12:634068. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2021.634068. eCollection 2021.
Vernalization is the promotion of flowering after prolonged exposure to cold. In , vernalization induces epigenetic silencing of the floral repressor gene (). The repressive epigenetic mark trimethylation of lysine 27 on histone H3 proteins (H3K27me3) is a critical contributor to the epigenetic silencing of . Interestingly, the deposited H3K27me3 in the locus can be erased by short-term high-temperature treatment. This is referred to as devernalization. In this study, we identified a novel chemical compound, 4-Isoxazolecarboxylic acid, 3,5-dimethyl-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-isoxazole carboxylic acid 1-methyl-2-oxoethyl ester named as DEVERNALIZER01 (DVR01), which induces devernalization in seedlings, by an -luciferase reporter-based high-throughput screening assay. DVR01 decreased the amount of H3K27me3 in the locus in vernalized plants, resulting in the upregulation of in the whole plant, including the vasculature and meristem, where FLC represses floral induction genes. We also showed that a 2-week treatment with DVR01 reverted plants with a vernalized status back to a fully non-vernalized status. Collectively, this study provides a novel structure of DVR01, which modulates devernalization via demethylation of H3K27me3 in the locus.
春化作用是指植物在长时间暴露于低温后促进开花。在[具体植物名称]中，春化作用诱导了 floral repressor 基因（FLC）的表观遗传沉默。组蛋白 H3 蛋白赖氨酸 27 位点的三甲基化（H3K27me3）这种抑制性表观遗传标记是 FLC 表观遗传沉默的关键因素。有趣的是，FLC 基因座中沉积的 H3K27me3 可通过短期高温处理被消除。这被称为去春化作用。在本研究中，我们鉴定出一种新型化合物，3,5 - 二甲基 - 2 - (4 - 氟苯基)-4 - 异恶唑羧酸 1 - 甲基 - 2 - 氧代乙酯，命名为去春化剂 01（DVR01），它通过基于荧光素酶报告基因的高通量筛选试验在[具体植物名称]幼苗中诱导去春化作用。DVR01 降低了春化植物中 FLC 基因座处 H3K27me3 的量，导致包括维管组织和分生组织在内的整个植株中 FLC 上调，而在这些部位 FLC 会抑制开花诱导基因。我们还表明，用 DVR01 处理两周可使处于春化状态的植物恢复到完全未春化的状态。总的来说，本研究提供了 DVR01 的新结构，它通过 FLC 基因座处 H3K27me3 的去甲基化来调节去春化作用。
