Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Italy.
University of Eastern Piedmont, Maggiore della Carità Hospital, Novara, Italy.
Biomed Res Int. 2021 Feb 2;2021:6685378. doi: 10.1155/2021/6685378. eCollection 2021.
Echocardiography represents a first level technique for the evaluation of coronary artery disease (CAD) which supports clinicians in the diagnostic and prognostic workup of these syndromes. However, visual estimation of wall motion abnormalities sometimes fails in detecting less clear or transient myocardial ischemia and in providing accurate differential diagnosis. Speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) is a widely available noninvasive tool that could easily and quickly provide additive information over basic echocardiography, since it is able to identify subtle myocardial damage and to localize ischemic territories in accordance to the coronary lesions, obtaining a clear visualization with a "polar map" useful for differential diagnosis and management. Therefore, it has increasingly been applied in acute and chronic coronary syndromes using rest and stress echocardiography, showing good results in terms of prediction of CAD, clinical outcome, left ventricular remodeling, presence, and quantification of new/residual ischemia. The aim of this review is to illustrate the current available evidence on STE usefulness for the assessment and follow-up of CAD, discussing the main findings on bidimensional and tridimensional strain parameters and their potential application in clinical practice.
超声心动图是评估冠状动脉疾病 (CAD) 的一级技术，可为这些综合征的诊断和预后评估提供支持。然而，壁运动异常的视觉评估有时无法检测到不太明显或短暂的心肌缺血，也无法提供准确的鉴别诊断。斑点追踪超声心动图 (STE) 是一种广泛可用的无创工具，由于能够识别微妙的心肌损伤并根据冠状动脉病变定位缺血区域，因此可以在基本超声心动图的基础上轻松快速地提供附加信息，获得有用的“极地图”，用于鉴别诊断和管理。因此，它已越来越多地应用于急性和慢性冠状动脉综合征的静息和负荷超声心动图，在 CAD 的预测、临床结果、左心室重构、新/残留缺血的存在和定量方面取得了良好的结果。本综述旨在阐述 STE 在评估和随访 CAD 方面的现有证据，讨论二维和三维应变参数的主要发现及其在临床实践中的潜在应用。
