Gorbeña Susana, Govillard Leila, Gómez Ignacio, Sarrionandia Sare, Macía Patricia, Penas Patricia, Iraurgi Ioseba
Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamientos Psicológicos, Facultad de Psicología y Educación, Universidad de Deusto, Apartado 1, 48080, Bilbao, Spain.
Departamento de Trabajo Social y Sociología, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas, Universidad de Deusto, Camino de Mundaiz 5, 20012, San Sebastián, Spain.
Psicol Reflex Crit. 2021 Feb 24;34(1):7. doi: 10.1186/s41155-021-00172-1.
The past two decades have witnessed a proliferation of positive psychological interventions for clinical and non-clinical populations, and recent research, including meta-analyses, is providing evidence of its effectiveness. Most interventions have focused on increasing life satisfaction, positive affect, and psychological well-being. Manualized, multi-component interventions based on a comprehensive theory are scarce. Keyes' concept of mental health and flourishing (subjective, psychological, and social well-being) is an overarching theoretical framework to guide the design of a multi-component psychological intervention to cultivate well-being and personal development. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to design a theory-driven positive intervention and to pilot test the intervention. The manual presents an 8-week group program that includes homework activities. A sample of 56 young adults completed the intervention. Participants were assessed at base line, after termination, and at a 6-month follow-up session. Standardized instruments were used to assess the dimensions of mental health proposed by Keyes. Pre- and post-test measures of subjective, psychological, and social well-being showed significant differences, as did the total mental health scores. At 6-month follow-up, differences remained in subjective and psychological well-being and in positive mental health, with smaller effect sizes. Limitations of these preliminary findings as well as future lines of research and improvements in this manualized intervention are proposed in the light of current research on positive interventions.
在过去二十年中，针对临床和非临床人群的积极心理干预措施大量涌现，近期包括荟萃分析在内的研究正在为其有效性提供证据。大多数干预措施都侧重于提高生活满意度、积极情绪和心理健康水平。基于综合理论的手册化多成分干预措施较为稀缺。凯斯的心理健康与蓬勃发展（主观、心理和社会幸福感）概念是一个总体理论框架，可用于指导设计一种多成分心理干预措施，以促进幸福感和个人发展。因此，本研究的目的是设计一种理论驱动的积极干预措施，并对该干预措施进行试点测试。该手册介绍了一个为期8周的团体项目，其中包括家庭作业活动。56名年轻人参与了该干预措施。在基线、干预结束后以及6个月的随访阶段对参与者进行了评估。使用标准化工具评估凯斯提出的心理健康维度。主观、心理和社会幸福感的前后测指标以及总体心理健康得分均显示出显著差异。在6个月的随访中，主观和心理幸福感以及积极心理健康方面的差异依然存在，但效应量较小。鉴于当前关于积极干预的研究，提出了这些初步研究结果的局限性以及该手册化干预措施未来的研究方向和改进建议。
