University of Geneva, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Geneva, Switzerland.
University of Geneva, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Geneva, Switzerland; Division of Clinical Pathology, Geneva University Hospital, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
Curr Opin Virol. 2021 Apr;47:68-78. doi: 10.1016/j.coviro.2021.02.001. Epub 2021 Feb 23.
Protective immune responses in the central nervous system (CNS) must act efficiently but need to be tightly controlled to avoid excessive damage to this vital organ. Under homeostatic conditions, the immune surveillance of the CNS is mediated by innate immune cells together with subsets of memory lymphocytes accumulating over lifetime. Accordingly, a wide range of immune responses can be triggered upon pathogen infection that can be associated with devastating clinical outcomes, and which most frequently are due to neurotropic viruses. Here, we discuss recent advances about our understanding of anti-viral immune responses with special emphasis on mechanisms operating in the various anatomical compartments of the CNS.
中枢神经系统 (CNS) 中的保护性免疫应答必须高效发挥作用，但需要受到严格控制，以避免对这个重要器官造成过度损害。在稳态条件下，CNS 的免疫监视由先天免疫细胞与一生中积累的记忆淋巴细胞亚群共同介导。因此，病原体感染可引发广泛的免疫应答，这些免疫应答可能与破坏性的临床结局相关联，而且这些结局大多是由神经嗜性病毒引起的。在这里，我们讨论了对抗病毒免疫应答的理解的最新进展，特别强调了在 CNS 的各个解剖部位发挥作用的机制。
