MRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
EBioMedicine. 2021 Mar;65:103260. doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103260. Epub 2021 Feb 24.
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) kill more than 41 million people every year, accounting for 71% of all deaths globally. The prevalence of NCDs is estimated to be higher than that of infectious diseases in Africa by 2030. Precision medicine may help with early identification of cases, resulting in timely prevention and improvement in the efficacy of treatments. However, Africa has been lagging behind in genetic research, a key component of the precision medicine initiative. A number of genomic research initiatives which could lead to translational genomics are emerging on the African continent which includes the Non-communicable Diseases Genetic Heritage Study (NCDGHS) and the Men of African Descent and Carcinoma of the Prostate (MADCaP) Network. These offer a promise that precision medicine can be applied in African countries. This review evaluates the advances of genetic studies for cancer, hypertension, type 2 diabetes and body mass index (BMI) in Africa.
每年有超过 4100 万人死于非传染性疾病（NCDs），占全球死亡人数的 71%。预计到 2030 年，非洲 NCDs 的患病率将高于传染病。精准医学可以帮助早期识别病例，从而及时预防并提高治疗效果。然而，非洲在遗传研究方面一直落后，而遗传研究是精准医学计划的关键组成部分。非洲大陆正在出现一些可能导致转化基因组学的基因组研究计划，其中包括非传染性疾病遗传遗产研究（NCDGHS）和非洲裔男性与前列腺癌（MADCaP）网络。这些为精准医学在非洲国家的应用提供了希望。本综述评估了非洲癌症、高血压、2 型糖尿病和体重指数（BMI）遗传研究的进展。
