Albawardi Nada M, AlTamimi Abeer A, AlMarzooqi Mezna A, Alrasheed Lama, Al-Hazzaa Hazzaa M
Lifestyle and Health Research Center, Health Sciences Research Center, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Health Sciences Research Center, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Front Psychol. 2021 Feb 11;12:611472. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.611472. eCollection 2021.
To examine body image perception and the associations of body dissatisfaction (BD) with socio-demographic and lifestyle factors among Saudi women attending fitness centers in Riyadh.
Saudi females aged 16 years and older were recruited from 12 randomly selected fitness centers in Riyadh, using stratified clustered sampling technique ( = 460). Height and weight were measured to calculate actual body mass index (BMI). A previously validated instrument was used to collect socio-demographic and lifestyle variables including physical activity (PA), sedentary behaviors, sleep and dietary habits. Stunkard Figure Rating Scale silhouettes were used to assess perceived and desired body shape.
The participants had a mean (SD) age of 29.2 (8.2). The majority were not married (57%), with no children (66%) and had college degrees (78%). While 63% were overweight or obese, nearly 40% of women underestimated their perceived body shape. The majority of respondents (87%) were dissatisfied with their body shape including 68% of normal weight women. Females who had BD were significantly older, had higher BMI, reported more weight loss attempt and had expended less time in vigorous ( = 0.033) and total ( = 0.042) PA than those who were satisfied with their body shape. However, when adjusting for socio-demographic variables, logistic regression analysis revealed significant associations of BD with higher BMI, shorter membership duration of fitness club, and reduced dairy products and energy drinks consumption.
Except for BMI and decreased dairy products and energy drinks consumption, many lifestyle behaviors did not associate with BD among Saudi females attending fitness centers. The findings can inform healthcare providers when intervention strategy is implicated for females with BD. Future studies should compare the associations of BD with lifestyle behaviors between males and females attending fitness centers and seeking weight loss.
研究利雅得健身中心沙特女性的身体形象认知，以及身体不满（BD）与社会人口学和生活方式因素之间的关联。
采用分层整群抽样技术，从利雅得随机选取的12家健身中心招募16岁及以上的沙特女性（n = 460）。测量身高和体重以计算实际体重指数（BMI）。使用先前验证过的工具收集社会人口学和生活方式变量，包括身体活动（PA）、久坐行为、睡眠和饮食习惯。使用斯唐卡德体型评定量表轮廓图来评估感知到的和期望的体型。
参与者的平均（标准差）年龄为29.2（8.2）岁。大多数人未婚（57%），没有孩子（66%），拥有大学学位（78%）。虽然63%的人超重或肥胖，但近40%的女性低估了自己感知到的体型。大多数受访者（87%）对自己的体型不满意，其中包括68%体重正常的女性。与对自己体型满意的女性相比，有身体不满的女性年龄显著更大，BMI更高，报告的减肥尝试更多，在剧烈（P = 0.033）和总身体活动（P = 0.042）上花费的时间更少。然而，在对社会人口学变量进行调整后，逻辑回归分析显示身体不满与较高的BMI、健身俱乐部会员期限较短以及乳制品和能量饮料消费减少之间存在显著关联。
除了BMI以及乳制品和能量饮料消费减少外，在利雅得健身中心的沙特女性中，许多生活方式行为与身体不满并无关联。这些发现可为医疗保健提供者在对有身体不满的女性实施干预策略时提供参考。未来的研究应比较健身中心中寻求减肥的男性和女性身体不满与生活方式行为之间的关联。
