Halhalli Huseyin C, Uslu Tolga
Emergency Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Kocaeli Derince Training and Research Hospital, Kocaeli, TUR.
Cureus. 2021 Feb 16;13(2):e13366. doi: 10.7759/cureus.13366.
Pediatric intoxication cases are one of the important emergency room admissions. Early diagnosis and treatment are important in reducing morbidity and mortality. The prevalence and exposure types of pediatric intoxications have social and regional differences. In this study, we aimed to retrospectively analyze the demographic and epidemiological characteristics, clinical course, and prognosis of patients admitted to our Emergency Medicine Clinic due to poisoning. Materials and Methods: In our study, the files of patients under 18 who were considered drug intoxicated and admitted to the ED were scanned retrospectively between 01.01.2018 and 31.12.2019. The cases were grouped as preschool (0-4 years old), school-age (4-12 years old), and adolescent (12-18 years old). The relationship between the frequency of emergency admissions of the patients, the variety of active ingredients, the amount taken, the need for hospitalization according to the active ingredients, admission times, arrival time to the emergency room, age, and gender were analyzed.
When the distributions by age groups are examined, most of the patients constitute the two-year-old (22%). Besides, it was found that among the age groups, there were more girls than boys in the 12-18 age group. A statistically significant difference was found between the frequency of active substance intake and gender differences according to age groups (p <0.001, p <0.001, respectively). However, no statistically significant relationship was found between age groups and seasonal admission frequencies (p = 0.055).
Our study found a statistically significant difference in the amount of active substance taken or exposed to by age groups and gender. However, this finding does not explain the effect of active substance intake or exposure and gender on mortality and morbidity, probably due to the limited sample size.
小儿中毒病例是急诊室重要的收治对象之一。早期诊断和治疗对于降低发病率和死亡率至关重要。小儿中毒的患病率和接触类型存在社会和地区差异。在本研究中，我们旨在回顾性分析因中毒入住我院急诊医学科的患者的人口统计学和流行病学特征、临床病程及预后。
在我们的研究中，对2018年1月1日至2019年12月31日期间被认为药物中毒并入住急诊科的18岁以下患者的病历进行了回顾性扫描。病例分为学龄前儿童（0 - 4岁）、学龄儿童（4 - 12岁）和青少年（12 - 18岁）。分析了患者急诊入院频率、活性成分种类、摄入量、根据活性成分的住院需求、入院时间、到达急诊室时间、年龄和性别的关系。
按年龄组进行分布检查时，大多数患者为两岁（22%）。此外，发现在各年龄组中，12 - 18岁年龄组的女孩多于男孩。根据年龄组，活性物质摄入频率和性别差异之间存在统计学显著差异（分别为p <0.001，p <0.001）。然而，年龄组与季节性入院频率之间未发现统计学显著关系（p = 0.055）。
我们的研究发现，按年龄组和性别划分，摄入或接触的活性物质数量存在统计学显著差异。然而，这一发现可能由于样本量有限，无法解释活性物质摄入或接触以及性别对死亡率和发病率的影响。
