Applied Biomechanics and Sports Technology Research Group, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Faculty of Sport Sciences, Pablo de Olavide University, Seville, Spain -
J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2021 Mar;61(3):365-371. doi: 10.23736/S0022-4707.20.11232-5.
The aims of this study were: 1) to investigate the impacts that an eccentric overload training (EOT) and a small-side game training (SSGT) have on the characteristics of the accelerations (ACC) and decelerations (DCC) of the players in a soccer match; and 2) to determine if EOT and SSGT could affect the ACC and DCC reduction over time in a soccer match.
Twenty-three female soccer players from a Spanish professional club were split into three groups: a small-sided game training group (SGG), an eccentric overload training group (EOG) and a control group (CG).
The SSG improved the high intensity distance performed (ES [CI]=0.72 [0.22; 1.22]), the number of high intensity actions (ES [CI]=0.65 [0.01; 1.29]), the percentage of repeated high intensity actions (ES [CI]=0.54 [-0.17; 1.25]), the initial velocity of the ACC (ES [CI]=0.55 [-0.08; 1.17]) and the percentage of repeated accelerations (ES [CI]=0.87 [-0.18; 1.91]) with respect to the control group. The EOG obtained better results in distance travelling accelerating (ES [CI]=0.84 [0.09; 1.60]) and decelerating (ES [CI]=0.87 [0.23; 1.51]) above 3 m/s, maximum ACC (ES [CI]=1.92 [0.90; 2.94]) and DCC (ES [CI]=1.29 [0.44; 2.14]) and the average of maximum ACC (ES [CI]=0.89 [0.23; 1.54]) and DCC (ES [CI]=1.08 [0.62; 1.55]) with respect to the CG. A decrement in the ACC and DCC performance was observed between the first and last 15 minutes of the competition, except for the EOG.
The SSG obtained mainly improvements in variables related with efforts repetitions and the capacity of maintaining the ACC and the DCC over time, while improvements in the EOG were related to intensity in the ACC and DCC.
本研究的目的是：1）探讨离心过载训练（EOT）和小场比赛训练（SSGT）对足球比赛中球员加速度（ACC）和减速度（DCC）特征的影响；2）确定 EOT 和 SSGT 是否会影响足球比赛中 ACC 和 DCC 的随时间降低。
来自西班牙职业俱乐部的 23 名女足运动员被分为三组：小场比赛训练组（SGG）、离心过载训练组（EOG）和对照组（CG）。
SSG 提高了高强度距离（ES [CI]=0.72 [0.22; 1.22]）、高强度动作次数（ES [CI]=0.65 [0.01; 1.29]）、高强度重复动作次数（ES [CI]=0.54 [-0.17; 1.25]）、ACC 的初始速度（ES [CI]=0.55 [-0.08; 1.17]）和重复加速度的百分比（ES [CI]=0.87 [-0.18; 1.91]）与对照组相比。EOG 在 3m/s 以上的加速（ES [CI]=0.84 [0.09; 1.60]）和减速（ES [CI]=0.87 [0.23; 1.51]）、最大 ACC（ES [CI]=1.92 [0.90; 2.94]）和 DCC（ES [CI]=1.29 [0.44; 2.14]）以及平均最大 ACC（ES [CI]=0.89 [0.23; 1.54]）和 DCC（ES [CI]=1.08 [0.62; 1.55]）方面取得了更好的结果。与 CG 相比，在比赛的前 15 分钟和最后 15 分钟之间观察到 ACC 和 DCC 性能下降，除了 EOG。
SSG 主要在与努力重复相关的变量方面取得了提高，并且能够随着时间的推移保持 ACC 和 DCC，而 EOG 的提高则与 ACC 和 DCC 的强度有关。
