Zach Sima, Zeev Aviva, Ophir Miki, Eilat-Adar Sigal
The Academic College at Wingate, Wingate Institute, 4290200, Netanya, Israel.
Eur Rev Aging Phys Act. 2021 Mar 1;18(1):5. doi: 10.1186/s11556-021-00258-w.
The main purpose of the research was to examine the differences between adults in the age group 70+ and two other age groups (45-59 and 60-69), concerning their healthy and active lifestyle. The death toll of the current COVID-19 pandemic is strongly biased toward the elderly. However, some studies of crises suggest that older adults tend to perceive events as less stressful than do younger people. Therefore, we examined healthy behavior in populations at risk according to the age cutoff-points used by the Ministry of Health at the time of vaccination, and divided the participants into three age groups (45-59, 60-69, and 70+) following health organizations' recommendations.
Participants were 1202 people, 381 males and 821 females, aged 45-90. A survey comprised of six parts was used: Demographic background, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-short version, Positive and Negative Affect Schedule - PANAS, the Connor and Davidson Resilience Scale, a questionnaire for measuring depressive moods, and questions regarding weight change, based on the Israeli National Health and Nutrition (MABAT) survey. Data were collected in Israel during the first complete lockdown. The questionnaire was distributed via e-mail, WhatsApp, Twitter, and Facebook using a snowball sampling method.
Resilience and negative feelings and depression symptoms were higher in age group 45-59 compared to 70+ year-old participants, and the depression symptoms score was also higher among participants aged 45-59 compared to ages 60-69. Physical activity was associated with higher resilience, fewer depression symptoms, and fewer negative emotions. Regarding gender and psychological variables, no differences were found. During the time of lockdown, weight change was not prevalent and sleeping hours increased.
In adults at 70+, the physical activity level, physical activity before and during the lockdown, emotions, sleeping hours, and weight change were similar to the other adult groups that were examined (45-59 and 60-69). However, in the older adults groups (70+ and 60-69), resilience and depression symptoms were lower than in the youngest age group.
本研究的主要目的是探讨70岁及以上成年人与其他两个年龄组（45 - 59岁和60 - 69岁）在健康积极生活方式方面的差异。当前新冠疫情的死亡人数严重偏向老年人。然而，一些关于危机的研究表明，老年人往往比年轻人更不容易将事件视为压力源。因此，我们根据卫生部在疫苗接种时使用的年龄分界点，对处于风险中的人群的健康行为进行了研究，并按照卫生组织的建议将参与者分为三个年龄组（45 - 59岁、60 - 69岁和70岁及以上）。
参与者为1202人，年龄在45 - 90岁之间，其中男性381人，女性821人。使用了一份由六个部分组成的调查问卷：人口统计学背景、国际体力活动问卷简版、正负性情绪量表（PANAS）、康纳和戴维森复原力量表、一份测量抑郁情绪的问卷，以及基于以色列国家健康与营养（MABAT）调查的关于体重变化的问题。数据是在以色列首次全面封锁期间收集的。问卷通过电子邮件、WhatsApp、推特和脸书采用滚雪球抽样法进行分发。
与70岁及以上的参与者相比，45 - 59岁年龄组的复原力、负面情绪和抑郁症状更高，且45 - 59岁参与者的抑郁症状得分也高于60 - 69岁的参与者。体力活动与更高的复原力、更少的抑郁症状和更少的负面情绪相关。在性别和心理变量方面，未发现差异。在封锁期间，体重变化不普遍，睡眠时间增加。
在70岁及以上的成年人中，体力活动水平、封锁前和封锁期间的体力活动、情绪、睡眠时间和体重变化与其他接受调查的成年组（45 - 59岁和60 - 69岁）相似。然而，在年龄较大的成年人组（70岁及以上和60 - 69岁）中，复原力和抑郁症状低于最年轻的年龄组。
