A clinical review of patients undergoing resection for pulmonary hamartoma.

Both the radiology and surgery literature mention "popcorn calcification" as a diagnostic aid in identifying pulmonary hamartomas. Nineteen patients underwent resection of pulmonary hamartomas at North Carolina Memorial Hospital between January 1969 and February 1983, representing 1.9 per cent of all thoracotomies performed for pulmonary disease. Of the 19 patients, there were 12 men (63%) and 7 women (37%), and most were asymptomatic. Chest x-ray demonstrated 12 right-sided and 7 left-sided lesions. All masses were located peripherally in the lung parenchyma and in no instance was calcification present. Fourteen wedge resections and 5 lobectomies were performed. Pathologic examination confirmed the absence of calcification; however, in two cases (11%) an associated malignancy was present. There were no operative deaths and only minor postoperative complications. All problems resolved without difficulty. These data show that pulmonary hamartomas are not commonly associated with calcification, and there may be an increased association with carcinoma of the lung. Excision can be performed with minimal morbidity and is necessary to distinguish hamartomas from malignant lesions.