超越知识：评估约旦医生在 COVID-19 方面的实践和预防措施。
Beyond knowledge: Evaluating the practices and precautionary measures towards COVID-19 amongst medical doctors in Jordan.
机构信息
Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.
Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan.
出版信息
Int J Clin Pract. 2021 Jun;75(6):e14122. doi: 10.1111/ijcp.14122. Epub 2021 Mar 17.
BACKGROUND
Health Care Workers (HCWs), including medical doctors, played a pivotal role as a first-line defence against the COVID-19 pandemic. Because of high exposure, HCWs are at an increased risk of contracting the disease.
AIMS
This study aims to assess the level of precautionary measures, both at home and the workplace, amongst medical doctors who were on duty during the national lockdown in Jordan.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted between March 23 and May 1, 2020, utilising a self-administered web-based questionnaire to examine a sample of medical doctors (n = 270) working at different healthcare institutions in Jordan. Likert scale was used to code the data and generate means and percentages.
RESULTS
The most practiced on-duty precautionary measures were cleaning hands with water and disinfectant for more than 20 seconds (47.4%), followed by proper hygiene before and during meals (38.9%). The most practiced off-duty measures were taking off clothes before entering the residential place (65.9%) and prohibiting visitors (58.1%). Overall, the mean work protection percentage score was 73.8% (range: 28%-100%), while the mean home safety percentage score was 71.3% (range: 25%-100%). Work protection score was positively correlated with the home safety score. Female doctors were found to be more precautious at home than males. Doctors with chronic illness(es) were found to be less precautious than their healthier counterparts. Participants who isolated themselves expressed the highest level of home safety practice. Doctors who reported to smoke were found more precautious at home and doctors who preferred to work during lockdowns were more precautious at the workplace.
CONCLUSION
The level of precautionary behaviour of medical doctors in Jordan was not optimal. More attention and efforts are needed to enhance the adherence of doctors to precautionary guidance. Strengthening the role of infectious disease and infection control units within healthcare settings remains a necessity.
背景
卫生保健工作者（HCWs），包括医生，在抗击 COVID-19 大流行中发挥了至关重要的作用。由于高暴露，HCWs 感染疾病的风险增加。
目的
本研究旨在评估在约旦全国封锁期间值班的医生在家中和工作场所采取预防措施的水平。
方法
2020 年 3 月 23 日至 5 月 1 日期间进行了一项横断面研究，利用在线自我管理问卷对在约旦不同医疗机构工作的医生样本（n=270）进行了检查。李克特量表用于对数据进行编码，并生成平均值和百分比。
结果
在值班时最常采取的预防措施是用清水和消毒剂洗手超过 20 秒（47.4%），其次是在饭前和用餐期间保持良好的卫生（38.9%）。在非值班时最常采取的措施是在进入住所前脱掉衣服（65.9%）和禁止访客（58.1%）。总体而言，工作保护百分比评分平均为 73.8%（范围：28%-100%），而家庭安全百分比评分平均为 71.3%（范围：25%-100%）。工作保护评分与家庭安全评分呈正相关。与男性相比，女性医生在家中更加谨慎。患有慢性病的医生比健康状况较好的医生更不谨慎。自我隔离的参与者表现出最高水平的家庭安全实践。报告吸烟的医生在家中更加谨慎，喜欢在封锁期间工作的医生在工作场所更加谨慎。
结论
约旦医生的预防行为水平并不理想。需要更多的关注和努力来提高医生对预防指导的依从性。加强医疗机构内传染病和感染控制部门的作用仍然是必要的。
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