Clinical Research Australia, Perth, Australia.
College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia.
Nutr Neurosci. 2022 Aug;25(8):1704-1730. doi: 10.1080/1028415X.2021.1892253. Epub 2021 Mar 2.
The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis plays a central role in the stress response. Plants, herbs, spices, and plant-based nutrients may influence HPA-axis activity.
To evaluate randomised controlled, human trials assessing the effects of single plants or phytonutrients on HPA-axis related hormones.
A systematic review of PubMed, Cochrane library, and the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Inclusion criteria comprised of human, randomised controlled studies with a control intervention examining the effects of a single herb, spice, plant, or extract on pre- and post-changes in blood, saliva, urine, or hair concentrations of cortisol, cortisone, corticotrophin-releasing hormone, or adrenocorticotropic hormone. Databases were searched from inception until October 2020.
Fifty-two studies were identified examining the effects of ashwagandha, Korean ginseng, St John's Wort, cannabidiol, Rhodiola rosea, curcumin, cherry juice, asparagus, Jiaogulan, Black cohosh, Siberian ginseng, Bacopa monnieri, blueberries, green tea, Caralluma fimbriata, cashew apple juice, melon, American ginseng, Ginkgo biloba, grape juice, grapefruit juice, rosella, hops, mangosteen, holy basil, and pomegranate juice. Due to significant variability in study designs, the effect of phytonutrients on HPA-axis activity in humans was unclear. The most consistent finding was a morning, cortisol-lowering effect from ashwagandha supplementation.
For most phytonutrients, the effects of supplementation on HPA-axis activity in humans is unclear. Before more definitive conclusions about the effects of phytonutrients on the HPA-axis can be made, further research is required.
下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺 (HPA) 轴在应激反应中起着核心作用。植物、草药、香料和植物营养素可能会影响 HPA 轴的活性。
评估评估单一植物或植物营养素对 HPA 轴相关激素影响的随机对照、人体试验。
根据系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目，对 PubMed、Cochrane 图书馆和 Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature 进行了系统评价。纳入标准包括人类随机对照研究，对照干预检查单一草药、香料、植物或提取物对血液、唾液、尿液或毛发中皮质醇、皮质酮、促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素或促肾上腺皮质激素的预和后变化的影响。从研究开始到 2020 年 10 月，对数据库进行了搜索。
共确定了 52 项研究，研究了 Ashwagandha、高丽参、圣约翰草、大麻素、红景天、姜黄素、樱桃汁、芦笋、绞股蓝、黑升麻、西伯利亚人参、Bacopa monnieri、蓝莓、绿茶、Caralluma fimbriata、腰果苹果汁、甜瓜、西洋参、银杏叶、葡萄汁、葡萄柚汁、洛神花、啤酒花、山竹、圣罗勒和石榴汁的影响。由于研究设计的差异很大，因此植物营养素对人体 HPA 轴活性的影响尚不清楚。最一致的发现是 Ashwagandha 补充剂具有降低早晨皮质醇的作用。
对于大多数植物营养素，补充剂对人体 HPA 轴活性的影响尚不清楚。在对植物营养素对 HPA 轴的影响得出更明确的结论之前，需要进一步研究。
