Mental Health Department, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
Faculdade de Minas - Faminas, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
Psychiatry Res. 2021 Apr;298:113832. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2021.113832. Epub 2021 Feb 23.
Deficits in neurocognition and social cognition play a critical role in the functional impairment of patients with schizophrenia. Increased oxidative stress has been evidenced in schizophrenia. Increased oxidative stress can affect neuronal function and lead to impairments in neurocognitive functions (especially working memory) and social cognition.
To investigate deficits in neurocognition and social cognition and their potential association with oxidative stress biomarkers in schizophrenia.
Eight-five clinically stable patients with schizophrenia and 75 controls were enrolled in this study. Neurocognition was evaluated through the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (BACS). Social cognition was assessed through the Hinting Task - a test of theory of mind - and an emotion processing test, Facial Emotion Recognition Test (FERT-100). Oxidative stress was assessed by measuring serum levels of glutathione (GSH) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS).
Patients had decreased serum levels of GSH (Z=3.56; p<0.001) and increased TBARS (Z=5.51; P<0.001) when compared with controls. TBARS levels are higher in patients using first generation antipsychotics. Higher serum levels of TBARS in patients were associated with poor performance in working memory test (r=-0.39; p=0.002), even when controlling for age and negative symptoms (Standard Beta: -0.36; CI= -2.52 a -13.71).
The association between greater lipid peroxidation, as assessed by TBARS, and worse performance in working memory corroborates theoretical models of greater vulnerability of schizophrenia to oxidative stress.
神经认知和社会认知缺陷在精神分裂症患者的功能障碍中起着关键作用。研究表明，精神分裂症患者的氧化应激增加。氧化应激增加会影响神经元功能，导致神经认知功能（尤其是工作记忆）和社会认知受损。
研究精神分裂症患者的神经认知和社会认知缺陷及其与氧化应激生物标志物的潜在关联。
本研究纳入了 85 例临床稳定的精神分裂症患者和 75 名对照者。通过Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia（BACS）评估神经认知。通过Hinting Task-一种心理理论测试和情绪处理测试（Facial Emotion Recognition Test-100，FERT-100）评估社会认知。通过测量血清谷胱甘肽（GSH）和硫代巴比妥酸反应物质（TBARS）水平来评估氧化应激。
与对照组相比，患者的血清 GSH 水平降低（Z=3.56；p<0.001），TBARS 水平升高（Z=5.51；P<0.001）。第一代抗精神病药物使用者的 TBARS 水平更高。患者的血清 TBARS 水平越高，工作记忆测试的表现越差（r=-0.39；p=0.002），即使在控制年龄和阴性症状后（标准β：-0.36；CI=-2.52 至-13.71）。
TBARS 评估的脂质过氧化作用增强与工作记忆表现较差之间的关联，与精神分裂症对氧化应激的易感性更高的理论模型相符。
