Center for Biofluid and Biomimic Research, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, South Korea.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, South Korea.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2021 Jul;28(26):34664-34675. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-13058-7. Epub 2021 Mar 3.
Graphene-based nanomaterials (GBNs) have been widely used in various fields nowadays. However, they are reported to be highly toxic to some aquatic organisms. However, the multi-organ toxicity caused by pristine graphene (pG) and graphene oxide (GO) to the developing zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae or juvenile and the underlying mechanisms is not fully known. Therefore, in the present study, the effect of pG and GO with environmental concentrations (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 μg/L of pG; 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4 mg/mL of GO) on multi-organ system in developing zebrafish larvae was experimentally assessed. The pG and GO were found to accumulate in the brain tissue that also caused significant changes in the heart beat and survival rate. The sizes of hepatocytes were reduced. Altered axonal integrity, affecting axon length and pattern in "Tg(mbp:eGFP) transgenic lines" was also observed. In addition, the results indicated pathological effects in major organs and with disrupted mitochondrial structure was quite obvious. The pG and GO bioaccumulation leads to multi organ toxicity in zebrafish larvae. In future, the existence of the current study can be extrapolated to other aquatic system in general and in particularly to humans.
基于石墨烯的纳米材料（GBNs）如今已广泛应用于各个领域。然而，据报道，它们对一些水生生物具有高度毒性。然而，原始石墨烯（pG）和氧化石墨烯（GO）对发育中的斑马鱼（Danio rerio）幼虫或幼鱼多器官毒性及其潜在机制尚不完全清楚。因此，在本研究中，实验评估了环境浓度（pG 为 0、5、10、15、20 和 25 μg/L；GO 为 0、0.1、0.2、0.3 和 0.4 mg/mL）的 pG 和 GO 对发育中的斑马鱼幼虫多器官系统的影响。发现 pG 和 GO 会在脑组织中积累，这也导致心跳和存活率出现显著变化。肝细胞的大小减小。在“Tg(mbp:eGFP)转基因系”中，还观察到轴突完整性的改变，影响轴突长度和模式。此外，结果表明主要器官存在明显的病理效应和线粒体结构破坏。pG 和 GO 的生物累积导致斑马鱼幼虫多器官毒性。在未来，可以将本研究的结果推断到一般的其他水生系统，特别是人类。
