Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
PLoS One. 2021 Mar 3;16(3):e0241926. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241926. eCollection 2021.
To integrate and execute a proper preventive plan and reduce the risk of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), policy makers need to have access to both reliable data and a unique definition of metabolic syndrome (MetS). This study was conducted on the data collected by cross-sectional studies of WHO's STEPwise approach to surveillance of NCD risk factors (STEPs) to estimate the national and sub-national prevalence rates of MetS in Iran in 2016.
The prevalence of MetS was estimated among 18,414 individuals aged ≥25 years living in urban and rural areas of Iran using various definition criteria; National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III 2004 (ATP III), International Diabetes Federation (IDF), American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (AHA/NHLBI), Joint Interim Statement (JIS). Regional IDF (RIDF) and JIS (RJIS) were defined using ethnicity-specific values of waist circumference for the country.
National prevalence rate of MetS based on ATP III, IDF, AHA/NHLBI, JIS, RIDF and RJIS criteria were 38.3% (95% CI 37.4-39.1), 43.5% (42.7-44.4), 40.9% (40.1-41.8), 47.6% (46.8-48.5), 32.0% (31.2-32.9), and 40.8% (40.0-41.7), respectively. The prevalence was higher among females, in urban residents, and those aged 65-69 years. MetS was expected to affect about 18.7, 21.3, 20.0, 23.3, 15.7, and 20.0 million Iranians, respectively, based on ATP III, IDF, AHA/NHLBI, JIS, RIDF and RJIS. The two most common components noted in this population were reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels and central obesity.
High prevalence rate of MetS among Iranian adults is alarming, especially among females, urban residents, and the elderly. The JIS definition criteria is more appropriate to determine higher number of Iranians at risk of NCDs. Proper management and prevention of MetS is required to adopt multiple national plans including lifestyle modifications, medical interventions, and public education on NCDs risk factors.
为了制定和执行适当的预防计划，降低非传染性疾病（NCD）的风险，政策制定者需要获得可靠的数据和代谢综合征（MetS）的独特定义。本研究基于世界卫生组织（WHO）的 STEP 监测非传染性疾病危险因素的步骤方法（STEPs）的横断面研究数据，以估计 2016 年伊朗全国和各地区 MetS 的患病率。
使用不同的定义标准，对居住在伊朗城乡地区的 18414 名年龄≥25 岁的个体进行 MetS 患病率估计：国家胆固醇教育计划成人治疗专家组 III 2004 年版（ATP III）、国际糖尿病联合会（IDF）、美国心脏协会/国家心肺血液研究所（AHA/NHLBI）、联合临时声明（JIS）。区域性 IDF（RIDF）和 JIS（RJIS）是根据国家特定的腰围种族特异性值定义的。
根据 ATP III、IDF、AHA/NHLBI、JIS、RIDF 和 RJIS 标准，伊朗全国 MetS 的患病率分别为 38.3%（95%置信区间 37.4-39.1）、43.5%（42.7-44.4）、40.9%（40.1-41.8）、47.6%（46.8-48.5）、32.0%（31.2-32.9）和 40.8%（40.0-41.7）。女性、城市居民和 65-69 岁人群中 MetS 的患病率较高。根据 ATP III、IDF、AHA/NHLBI、JIS、RIDF 和 RJIS，伊朗预计分别有 1870 万人、2130 万人、2000 万人、2330 万人、1570 万人和 2000 万人患有 MetS。在该人群中，最常见的两个异常指标是高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）水平降低和中心性肥胖。
伊朗成年人 MetS 的高患病率令人震惊，尤其是女性、城市居民和老年人。JIS 定义标准更适合确定更多伊朗人面临 NCD 风险。需要采取多种国家计划来管理和预防 MetS，包括生活方式改变、医疗干预和非传染性疾病危险因素的公众教育。
