海岸角大都会地区CT扫描检查中首次中风的发病率和发病年龄。
Incidence rate and age of onset of first stroke from CT scan examinations in Cape Coast metropolis.
作者信息
Edzie Emmanuel Kobina Mesi, Gorleku Philip Narteh, Dzefi-Tettey Klenam, Idun Ewurama Andam, Amankwa Adu Tutu, Aidoo Eric, Asemah Abdul Raman, Kusodzi Henry
机构信息
Department of Medical Imaging, School of Medical Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.
Department of Radiology. Korle Bu Teaching Hospital. 1 Guggisberg Avenue, Accra, Ghana.
出版信息
Heliyon. 2021 Feb 11;7(2):e06214. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06214. eCollection 2021 Feb.
INTRODUCTION
The trends in the incidence and age of onset of first stroke is lacking in Ghana and with an increasing elderly population, such trends are projected to increase in developing countries. Through the review of Computed Tomography (CT) scan examinations and patients' records; we assessed the incidence rate and age of onset of first stroke in Cape Coast Metropolis.
METHODS
This study retrospectively reviewed all imaging records and clinical data of all stroke patients referred for CT scans in the radiology department of the Cape Coast Teaching Hospital (CCTH) between January 2017 and December 2019. All CT confirmed cases of stroke were classified as either hemorrhagic stroke or ischemic stroke. Age adjusted annual incidence rate with 95% Confidence Intervals (CIs) were calculated assuming a Poisson distribution. Mean difference were tested using one way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA).
RESULTS
840 patients with first onset of stroke were identified, comprising 417 (49.6%) males and 423 (50.4%) females. There was a statistically significant difference in the mean age of onset of first stroke in males (61.47 ± 13.36 years) and in females (63.41 ± 15.41 years), p = 0.049. The incidence of first stroke for the entire age categories were higher in males compared to the same age categories in females, except for patients aged 35-44 years in 2017, 25-34 years in 2018, 15-24 years and 75 years or older age groups in 2019. Males had hemorrhagic stroke at an older age (64.41 ± 15.31 years) compared to ischemic stroke (60.40 ± 12.42 years) in this study. This difference was statistically significant (p = 0.014). There was no significant difference in the mean age of onset of first stroke for the respective years under study: F (3, 836) = 0.693, P = 0.500.
CONCLUSION
The findings of this study imply that the incidence rate of stroke is higher in males than in females and increases with age. The majority of the strokes were ischemic.
引言
加纳缺乏首次中风的发病率及发病年龄趋势，且随着老年人口增加，预计发展中国家此类趋势将会上升。通过回顾计算机断层扫描（CT）检查及患者记录，我们评估了海岸角市首次中风的发病率及发病年龄。
方法
本研究回顾了2017年1月至2019年12月期间在海岸角教学医院（CCTH）放射科接受CT扫描的所有中风患者的影像学记录和临床数据。所有CT确诊的中风病例分为出血性中风或缺血性中风。假设为泊松分布，计算年龄调整后的年发病率及95%置信区间（CI）。使用单因素方差分析（ANOVA）检验均值差异。
结果
共识别出840例首次中风患者，其中男性417例（49.6%），女性423例（50.4%）。男性首次中风的平均发病年龄（61.47±13.36岁）与女性（63.41±15.41岁）存在统计学显著差异，p = 0.049。除2017年35 - 44岁患者、2018年25 - 34岁患者、2019年15 - 24岁及75岁及以上年龄组外，各年龄组男性首次中风的发病率均高于同年龄组女性。在本研究中，男性出血性中风的发病年龄（64.41±15.31岁）高于缺血性中风（60.40±12.42岁）。这种差异具有统计学显著性（p = 0.014）。在所研究的各年份中，首次中风的平均发病年龄无显著差异：F(3, 836) = 0.693，P = 0.500。
结论
本研究结果表明，中风的发病率男性高于女性，且随年龄增长而增加。大多数中风为缺血性中风。
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