State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agriculture University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China.
Tai'an Academy of Agricultural Science, Tai'an, 271000, China.
BMC Plant Biol. 2021 Mar 4;21(1):129. doi: 10.1186/s12870-021-02896-9.
Thinopyrum intermedium (2n = 6x = 42) is an important wild perennial Triticeae species exhibiting many potentially favorable traits for wheat improvement. Wheat-Th. intermedium partial amphiploids serve as a bridge to transfer desirable genes from Th. intermedium into common wheat.
Three octoploid Trititrigia accessions (TE261-1, TE266-1, and TE346-1) with good resistances to stripe rust, powdery mildew and aphids were selected from hybrid progenies between Th. intermedium and the common wheat variety 'Yannong 15' (YN15). Genomic in situ hybridization (GISH), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and multicolor GISH (McGISH) analyses demonstrated that the three octoploid Trititrigia possess 42 wheat chromosomes and 14 Th. intermedium chromosomes. The 14 alien (Th. intermedium) chromosomes belong to a mixed genome consisting of J-, J- and St-genome chromosomes rather than a single J, J or St genome. Different types of chromosomal structural variation were also detected in the 1A, 6A, 6B, 2D and 7D chromosomes via FISH, McGISH and molecular marker analysis. The identity of the alien chromosomes and the variationes in the wheat chromosomes in the three Trititrigia octoploids were also different.
The wheat-Th. intermedium partial amphiploids possess 14 alien chromosomes which belong to a mixed genome consisting of J-, J- and St- chromosomes, and 42 wheat chromosomes with different structural variations. These accessions could be used as genetic resources in wheat breeding for the transfer of disease and pest resistance genes from Th. intermedium to common wheat.
中间偃麦草（2n = 6x = 42）是一种重要的野生多年生小麦族物种，具有许多可能有利于小麦改良的特性。小麦-中间偃麦草部分同源二倍体作为桥梁，将中间偃麦草中的有利基因转移到普通小麦中。
从中间偃麦草与普通小麦品种‘烟农 15’（YN15）的杂种后代中，选择了三个对条锈病、白粉病和蚜虫具有良好抗性的八倍体拟斯卑尔脱山羊草（Trititrigia） accession（TE261-1、TE266-1 和 TE346-1）。基因组原位杂交（GISH）、荧光原位杂交（FISH）和多色 GISH（McGISH）分析表明，这三个八倍体拟斯卑尔脱山羊草具有 42 条小麦染色体和 14 条中间偃麦草染色体。这 14 条外源（中间偃麦草）染色体属于由 J、J 和 St 基因组染色体组成的混合基因组，而不是单个 J、J 或 St 基因组。通过 FISH、McGISH 和分子标记分析，还在 1A、6A、6B、2D 和 7D 染色体上检测到不同类型的染色体结构变异。三个八倍体拟斯卑尔脱山羊草中外源染色体和小麦染色体的变异也不同。
小麦-中间偃麦草部分同源二倍体具有 14 条外源染色体，属于由 J、J 和 St 染色体组成的混合基因组，以及 42 条具有不同结构变异的小麦染色体。这些材料可作为小麦遗传育种的遗传资源，用于将中间偃麦草中的抗病和抗虫基因转移到普通小麦中。
