Ma Zhanshan Sam
Computational Biology and Medical Ecology Lab State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution Kunming Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming China.
Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming China.
Evol Appl. 2020 Oct 13;14(2):322-334. doi: 10.1111/eva.13116. eCollection 2021 Feb.
The human microbiome consists of five major regional biomes distributed in or on our five body sites including skin, oral, lung, gut, and reproductive tract. Its biogeography (the spatial and temporal distribution of its biodiversity) has far-reaching implications to our health and diseases. Nevertheless, we currently have very limited understanding on the shaping the biogeography, since it is often rather difficult to determine the relative importance of drift, dispersal, speciation, and selection, the four processes (mechanisms) determining the patterns of microbial biogeography and community dynamics according to a recent synthesis in community ecology and biogeography. To disentangle these mechanisms, I utilize multisite neutral (MSN) model and niche-neutral hybrid (NNH) model to analyze large number of truly multisite microbiome samples covering all five major human microbiome habitats, including 699 metacommunities and 5,420 local communities. Approximately 89% of metacommunities and 92% local communities exhibit patterns indistinguishable from neutral, and 20% indistinguishable from niche-neutral hybrid model, indicating the relative significance of stochastic neutral forces versus deterministic niche selection in shaping the biogeography of human microbiome. These findings cast supporting evidence to van der Gast's revision to classic Bass-Becking doctrine of microbial biogeography: "" offering the first educated guess for "" and "" in the revised doctrine. Furthermore, the logistic/Cox regression models describing the relationships among community neutrality, niche differentiation, and key community/species characteristics (including community diversity, community/species dominance, speciation, and migration rates) were constructed to quantitatively describe the niche-neutral continuum and the influences of community/species properties on the continuum.
人类微生物组由分布在我们身体五个部位（包括皮肤、口腔、肺部、肠道和生殖道）内或其上的五个主要区域生物群落组成。其生物地理学（其生物多样性的时空分布）对我们的健康和疾病有着深远影响。然而，我们目前对塑造生物地理学的了解非常有限，因为根据群落生态学和生物地理学的最新综合研究，确定漂移、扩散、物种形成和选择这四个决定微生物生物地理学模式和群落动态的过程（机制）的相对重要性往往相当困难。为了厘清这些机制，我利用多位点中性（MSN）模型和生态位 - 中性混合（NNH）模型，分析了涵盖人类微生物组所有五个主要栖息地的大量真正的多位点微生物组样本，包括699个元群落和5420个局部群落。大约89%的元群落和92%的局部群落呈现出与中性模式难以区分的模式，20%与生态位 - 中性混合模型难以区分，这表明在塑造人类微生物组生物地理学方面，随机中性力量与确定性生态位选择的相对重要性。这些发现为范德·加斯特对经典的巴斯 - 贝京微生物生物地理学学说的修订提供了支持证据：“为修订后的学说中的‘ ’和‘ ’提供了首个有根据的猜测”。此外，构建了描述群落中性、生态位分化以及关键群落/物种特征（包括群落多样性、群落/物种优势度、物种形成和迁移率）之间关系的逻辑/考克斯回归模型，以定量描述生态位 - 中性连续统以及群落/物种属性对连续统的影响。
