Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatment, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, Av. Blasco Ibánez, 21, 46010, Valencia, Spain.
Qual Life Res. 2021 Aug;30(8):2275-2286. doi: 10.1007/s11136-021-02798-1. Epub 2021 Mar 4.
Adolescence is a time of change when suffering from a medical condition such as short stature can impact the emotional well-being of adolescents. Our objective was to study the adjustment of adolescents with short stature (SS), analyzing the factors influencing it.
In this cross-sectional study, we evaluated 101 adolescents with SS from different hospitals in Valencia, Spain, using instruments validated for the sample: anxious and depressive symptomatology (as a diagnostic adjustment measure), psychopathology, self-esteem, physical self-concept, psychological well-being, and parenting styles. Descriptive analyses, t-tests for independent samples, Pearson correlations, hierarchical regressions, and fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis models (fsQCA) were performed.
Emotional (β = 0.44; p = 0.001) and hyperactive (β = 0.20; p = 0.001) symptoms predicted anxiety, emotional symptomatology (β = 0.25; p = 0.022), self-esteem (β = - 0.37; p = 0.001), and promotion of autonomy (β = 0.30; p = 0.001) predicted depression, and hyperactivity (β = 0.45; p = 0.001), self-esteem (β = - 0.43; p = .001), and humor (β = - 0.36; p = 0.001) predicted emotional distress. The fsQCA results show that none of the variables is a necessary condition for anxiety, depression, or emotional distress. However, different combinations of these variables are sufficient conditions to explain 85% of the high levels of anxiety, 81% of the low levels, 62% of the high levels of depression, 64% of the low levels of depression, and 74% of the high levels of emotional distress and 61% of the low levels. The most important variables in the fsQCA models were symptomatology, self-esteem, and parental styles.
The patient's family dynamics, self-esteem, and emotional difficulties were the most relevant factors in predicting adjustment.
青春期是一个变化的时期，患有身材矮小等疾病会影响青少年的情绪健康。我们的目的是研究身材矮小（SS）青少年的适应情况，分析影响其适应的因素。
在这项横断面研究中，我们使用针对该样本验证的工具评估了来自西班牙巴伦西亚不同医院的 101 名身材矮小的青少年：焦虑和抑郁症状（作为诊断调整措施）、精神病理学、自尊、身体自我概念、心理幸福感和父母教养方式。进行了描述性分析、独立样本 t 检验、皮尔逊相关分析、层次回归和模糊集定性比较分析模型（fsQCA）。
情绪（β=0.44；p=0.001）和多动（β=0.20；p=0.001）症状预测焦虑，情绪症状（β=0.25；p=0.022），自尊（β=-0.37；p=0.001）和促进自主性（β=0.30；p=0.001）预测抑郁，多动（β=0.45；p=0.001），自尊（β=-0.43；p=0.001）和幽默（β=-0.36；p=0.001）预测情绪困扰。fsQCA 的结果表明，这些变量都不是焦虑、抑郁或情绪困扰的必要条件。但是，这些变量的不同组合是解释 85%的高焦虑水平、81%的低焦虑水平、62%的高抑郁水平、64%的低抑郁水平、74%的高情绪困扰水平和 61%的低情绪困扰水平的充分条件。fsQCA 模型中最重要的变量是症状、自尊和父母教养方式。
患者的家庭动态、自尊和情绪困难是预测适应情况的最重要因素。
