Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Parasitol Int. 2021 Aug;83:102316. doi: 10.1016/j.parint.2021.102316. Epub 2021 Mar 3.
Cystic echinococcosis is one of the most important cyclozoonotic helminthic diseases caused by various genotypes of Echinococcus granulosus SENSU lato complex in the Middle East. Echinococcus ortleppi G5 genotype has been previously reported to infect camels in Iran. However, no molecular data are available on the circulation of the cattle genotype from other animal intermediate hosts. Overall, 30 hydatid cyst samples were collected from 2015 to 2016 from sheep (n; 15) and goat (n; 15) isolates in Mazandaran province, northern Iran. The DNA of larval stages was extracted, amplified and sequenced by targeting of mitochondrial 12S rRNA marker. Based on sequencing and phylogenetic analyses, 28 isolates were identified as E. granulosus G1. However, two fertile hydatid cyst samples isolated from sheep and goat liver were confirmed as E. ortleppi with 99.8%-100% identity to species isolated from a buffalo in India. The first emergence of fertile cattle cysts from sheep and goats may have implications in the zoonotic importance of E. ortleppi in human infection and de-worming regime of infected dogs due to the shorter maturation time of G5 genotype compared with G1 genotype. Since the distribution of E. ortleppi in Iran is not fully known, further studies are urgently needed to appraise the evolutionary and epidemiology scenarios. These studies can ascertain the transmission dynamics of E. ortleppi inferred by full-length concatenated mitogenomes on the domestic and wildlife hosts, as well as humans in wider areas of Iran and the neighboring countries.
包虫病是中东地区由细粒棘球绦虫 sensu lato 复合体的各种基因型引起的最重要的环孢子虫源性寄生虫病之一。先前曾报道，在伊朗骆驼感染了细粒棘球绦虫 ortleppi G5 基因型。然而，关于其他动物中间宿主的牛基因型的循环，目前尚无分子数据。总体而言，2015 年至 2016 年期间，在伊朗北部马赞达兰省，从绵羊（n=15）和山羊（n=15）分离株中收集了 30 个包虫囊肿样本。从幼虫阶段提取 DNA，针对线粒体 12S rRNA 标记进行扩增和测序。基于测序和系统发育分析，28 个分离株被鉴定为细粒棘球绦虫 G1。然而，从绵羊和山羊肝脏中分离出的两个有生育能力的包虫囊肿样本被确认为细粒棘球绦虫 ortleppi，与从印度水牛中分离出的物种具有 99.8%-100%的同一性。绵羊和山羊的有生育能力的牛包虫囊肿的首次出现可能意味着在人类感染和感染犬的驱虫方案中，细粒棘球绦虫 ortleppi 的人畜共患重要性，因为与 G1 基因型相比，G5 基因型的成熟时间更短。由于细粒棘球绦虫 ortleppi 在伊朗的分布尚不完全清楚，因此迫切需要进一步研究来评估其进化和流行病学情况。这些研究可以确定通过全长串联线粒体基因组在国内和野生动物宿主以及伊朗和邻国更广泛地区的人类中推断出的细粒棘球绦虫 ortleppi 的传播动态。
