Kotzamanidis Charalampos, Vafeas George, Giantzi Virginia, Anastasiadou Sofia, Mygdalias Stavros, Malousi Andigoni, Loukia Ekateriniadou, Daniel Sergelidis, Zdragas Antonios
Hellenic Agricultural Organisation-DEMETER, Veterinary Research Institute of Thessaloniki, Campus of Thermi, 57001 Thermi, Greece.
Lab of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
Toxins (Basel). 2021 Feb 25;13(3):176. doi: 10.3390/toxins13030176.
is the most common mastitis-related pathogen in dairy cattle, goats, and sheep worldwide. However, the population structure and genomic characteristics of mastitis-associated in small ruminants are limited. Furthermore, the genotypic and phenotypic characteristics involved in the pathogenicity of . have been thoroughly defined, yet their association with the severity of mastitis is not fully established. Here, we performed genotyping by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and analyses to assess the genetic diversity and relatedness of 162 strains recovered from clinical mastitis (CM) and subclinical mastitis (SCM) cases from goats, sheep, and bovines. PFGE analysis revealed 108 distinguishable pulsotypes and 3 main clusters that comprised isolates from the three host species, while according to typing, 32 different types were identified. Genotypic analysis revealed a spreading of genetically related or indistinguishable strains among ovine, caprine, and bovine farms of distant geographical regions. In total, 28 different staphylococcal enterotoxin (SE) gene profiles were observed, revealing a diverse range of SE genes among isolates. By evaluating the antimicrobial resistance, we found low phenotypic antimicrobial resistance among all ruminant isolates. We also performed multiple correspondence analysis, which indicated that the presence of the gene, biofilm production, and high autoaggregation ability are associated with CM cases.
是全球奶牛、山羊和绵羊中与乳腺炎相关的最常见病原体。然而，小反刍动物中与乳腺炎相关的 的种群结构和基因组特征有限。此外， 的致病性所涉及的基因型和表型特征已得到充分定义，但其与乳腺炎严重程度的关联尚未完全确立。在此，我们通过脉冲场凝胶电泳（PFGE）和 分析进行基因分型，以评估从山羊、绵羊和牛的临床乳腺炎（CM）和亚临床乳腺炎（SCM）病例中分离出的162株 菌株的遗传多样性和相关性。PFGE分析揭示了108种可区分的脉冲型和3个主要簇，其中包括来自三种宿主物种的分离株，而根据 分型，鉴定出32种不同的 类型。基因分型分析表明，在遥远地理区域的绵羊、山羊和奶牛场中，存在遗传相关或无法区分的 菌株传播现象。总共观察到28种不同的葡萄球菌肠毒素（SE）基因谱，揭示了分离株中SE基因的多样性。通过评估抗菌药物耐药性，我们发现所有反刍动物分离株的表型抗菌药物耐药性较低。我们还进行了多重对应分析，结果表明 基因的存在、生物膜形成和高自聚集能力与CM病例有关。
