Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
Environment and Fisheries Applied Techniques Research Department, Fisheries Technology Institute, Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Hatsukaichi, Hiroshima 739-0452, Japan.
Viruses. 2021 Feb 25;13(3):362. doi: 10.3390/v13030362.
Increasing sequence information indicates that RNA viruses constitute a major fraction of marine virus assemblages. However, only 12 RNA virus species have been described, infecting known host species of marine single-celled eukaryotes. Eight of these use diatoms as hosts, while four are resident in dinoflagellate, raphidophyte, thraustochytrid, or prasinophyte species. Most of these belong to the order , while two are divergent and fall into the families and . However, a very recent study has suggested that there is extraordinary diversity in aquatic RNA viromes, describing thousands of viruses, many of which likely use protist hosts. Thus, RNA viruses are expected to play a major ecological role for marine unicellular eukaryotic hosts. In this review, we describe in detail what has to date been discovered concerning viruses with RNA genomes that infect aquatic unicellular eukaryotes.
越来越多的序列信息表明，RNA 病毒构成了海洋病毒组合的主要部分。然而，仅描述了 12 种 RNA 病毒，感染了海洋单细胞真核生物的已知宿主物种。其中 8 种以硅藻为宿主，4 种存在于甲藻、腰鞭毛藻、褐藻或原绿藻物种中。这些大多数属于目，而两种则是不同的，属于和目。然而，最近的一项研究表明，水生 RNA 病毒组具有非凡的多样性，描述了数千种病毒，其中许多可能使用原生动物宿主。因此，RNA 病毒有望在海洋单细胞真核宿主的生态中发挥主要作用。在这篇综述中，我们详细描述了迄今为止发现的感染水生单细胞真核生物的 RNA 基因组病毒。
