School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Dong'An Rd 130, Shanghai 200032, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Feb 23;22(4):2196. doi: 10.3390/ijms22042196.
Neuroinflammation, typically manifest as microglial activation and astrogliosis accompanied by transcriptomic alterations, represents a common hallmark of various neurodegenerative conditions including prion diseases. Microglia play an overall neuroprotective role in prion disease, whereas reactive astrocytes with aberrant phenotypes propagate prions and contribute to prion-induced neurodegeneration. The existence of heterogeneous subpopulations and dual functions of microglia and astrocytes in prion disease make them potential targets for therapeutic intervention. A variety of neuroinflammation-related molecules are involved in prion pathogenesis. Therapeutics targeting neuroinflammation represents a novel approach to combat prion disease. Deciphering neuroinflammation in prion disease will deepen our understanding of pathogenesis of other neurodegenerative disorders.
神经炎症通常表现为小胶质细胞激活和星形胶质细胞增生，并伴有转录组改变，是包括朊病毒病在内的各种神经退行性疾病的共同标志。小胶质细胞在朊病毒病中发挥整体神经保护作用，而具有异常表型的反应性星形胶质细胞则传播朊病毒并导致朊病毒诱导的神经退行性变。小胶质细胞和星形胶质细胞在朊病毒病中存在异质性亚群和双重功能，使它们成为治疗干预的潜在靶点。多种与神经炎症相关的分子参与朊病毒病的发病机制。针对神经炎症的治疗方法代表了对抗朊病毒病的一种新方法。阐明朊病毒病中的神经炎症将加深我们对其他神经退行性疾病发病机制的理解。
