Holtmann Anna R, Meemken Diana, Müller Anja, Seinige Diana, Büttner Kathrin, Failing Klaus, Kehrenberg Corinna
Institute for Food Quality and Food Safety, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Bischofsholer Damm 15, D-30173 Hannover, Germany.
Working Group Meat Hygiene, Institute Food Safety and Food Hygiene, Freie Universität Berlin, Königsweg 67, D-14163 Berlin, Germany.
Microorganisms. 2021 Feb 12;9(2):367. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms9020367.
Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing and methicillin-resistant (MRSA) represent major healthcare concerns. The role of wildlife in the epidemiology of these bacteria is unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine their prevalence in wild boars in Germany and to characterize individual isolates. A total of 375 fecal samples and 439 nasal swabs were screened for the presence of ESBL-/AmpC- and MRSA, respectively. The associations of seven demographic and anthropogenic variables with the occurrence of ESBL-/AmpC- were statistically evaluated. Collected isolates were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing, molecular typing methods, and gene detection by PCR and genome sequencing. ESBL-/AmpC- were detected in 22 fecal samples (5.9%) whereas no MRSA were detected. The occurrence of ESBL-/AmpC- in wild boars was significantly and positively associated with human population density. Of the 22 , 19 were confirmed as ESBL-producers and carried genes belonging to group 1 or . The remaining three isolates carried the AmpC-β-lactamase gene . Several isolates showed additional antimicrobial resistances. All four major phylogenetic groups were represented with group B1 being the most common. This study demonstrates that wild boars can serve as a reservoir for ESBL-/AmpC-producing and multidrug-resistant .
产超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBL）和耐甲氧西林（MRSA）的细菌是医疗保健领域的主要关注点。野生动物在这些细菌流行病学中的作用尚不清楚。本研究的目的是确定它们在德国野猪中的流行情况并对单个分离株进行特征分析。分别对375份粪便样本和439份鼻拭子进行了ESBL-/AmpC-和MRSA检测。对七个人口统计学和人为变量与ESBL-/AmpC-出现之间的关联进行了统计学评估。对收集的分离株进行抗菌药物敏感性测试、分子分型方法以及通过PCR和基因组测序进行基因检测。在22份粪便样本（5.9%）中检测到ESBL-/AmpC-，而未检测到MRSA。野猪中ESBL-/AmpC-的出现与人口密度显著正相关。在这22份样本中，19份被确认为产ESBL菌，并携带属于第1组或其他组的基因。其余三份分离株携带AmpC-β-内酰胺酶基因。一些分离株还表现出其他抗菌药物耐药性。所有四个主要系统发育组均有代表，其中B1组最为常见。本研究表明，野猪可作为产ESBL-/AmpC-和多重耐药菌的储存宿主。
